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Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases

Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). n-3 fatty acids are essential fatty...

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Autores principales: Suzumura, Ayana, Terao, Ryo, Kaneko, Hiroki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32993153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100920
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author Suzumura, Ayana
Terao, Ryo
Kaneko, Hiroki
author_facet Suzumura, Ayana
Terao, Ryo
Kaneko, Hiroki
author_sort Suzumura, Ayana
collection PubMed
description Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). n-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids and are necessary for homeostasis. They are important retinal membrane components and are involved in energy storage. n-3 fatty acids also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their suppressive effects against ROP, DR, and AMD have been previously evaluated. α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and their metabolites have been shown to alleviate retinal oxidative stress and inflammation involving various biological signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the n-3 fatty acids effects on the mechanisms of these retinal diseases and how they exert their therapeutic effects, focusing on ALA, EPA, DHA, and their metabolites. This knowledge may provide new remedial strategies for n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
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spelling pubmed-76000942020-11-01 Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases Suzumura, Ayana Terao, Ryo Kaneko, Hiroki Antioxidants (Basel) Review Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). n-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids and are necessary for homeostasis. They are important retinal membrane components and are involved in energy storage. n-3 fatty acids also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their suppressive effects against ROP, DR, and AMD have been previously evaluated. α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and their metabolites have been shown to alleviate retinal oxidative stress and inflammation involving various biological signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the n-3 fatty acids effects on the mechanisms of these retinal diseases and how they exert their therapeutic effects, focusing on ALA, EPA, DHA, and their metabolites. This knowledge may provide new remedial strategies for n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. MDPI 2020-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7600094/ /pubmed/32993153 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100920 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Suzumura, Ayana
Terao, Ryo
Kaneko, Hiroki
Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title_full Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title_fullStr Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title_short Protective Effects and Molecular Signaling of n-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Diseases
title_sort protective effects and molecular signaling of n-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and inflammation in retinal diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32993153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100920
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