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The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation

Septic shock/severe sepsis is a deregulated host immune system response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Lung inflammation as a form of acute lung injury (ALI) is often induced in septic shock. Whereas macrophages and neutrophils have been implicated as the principal im...

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Autores principales: Akama, Yuichi, Satoh-Takayama, Naoko, Kawamoto, Eiji, Ito, Atsushi, Gaowa, Arong, Park, Eun Jeong, Imai, Hiroshi, Shimaoka, Motomu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33053762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100808
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author Akama, Yuichi
Satoh-Takayama, Naoko
Kawamoto, Eiji
Ito, Atsushi
Gaowa, Arong
Park, Eun Jeong
Imai, Hiroshi
Shimaoka, Motomu
author_facet Akama, Yuichi
Satoh-Takayama, Naoko
Kawamoto, Eiji
Ito, Atsushi
Gaowa, Arong
Park, Eun Jeong
Imai, Hiroshi
Shimaoka, Motomu
author_sort Akama, Yuichi
collection PubMed
description Septic shock/severe sepsis is a deregulated host immune system response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Lung inflammation as a form of acute lung injury (ALI) is often induced in septic shock. Whereas macrophages and neutrophils have been implicated as the principal immune cells regulating lung inflammation, group two innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been identified as a new player regulating immune homeostasis. ILC2 is one of the three major ILC subsets (ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s) comprised of newly identified innate immune cells. These cells are characterized by their ability to rapidly produce type 2 cytokines. ILC2s are predominant resident ILCs and, thereby, have the ability to respond to signals from damaged tissues. ILC2s regulate the immune response, and ILC2-derived type 2 cytokines may exert protective roles against sepsis-induced lung injury. This focused review not only provides readers with new insights into the signaling mechanisms by which ILC2s modulate sepsis-induced lung inflammation, but also proposes ILC2 as a novel therapeutic target for sepsis-induced ALI.
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spelling pubmed-76002792020-11-01 The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation Akama, Yuichi Satoh-Takayama, Naoko Kawamoto, Eiji Ito, Atsushi Gaowa, Arong Park, Eun Jeong Imai, Hiroshi Shimaoka, Motomu Diagnostics (Basel) Review Septic shock/severe sepsis is a deregulated host immune system response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Lung inflammation as a form of acute lung injury (ALI) is often induced in septic shock. Whereas macrophages and neutrophils have been implicated as the principal immune cells regulating lung inflammation, group two innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been identified as a new player regulating immune homeostasis. ILC2 is one of the three major ILC subsets (ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s) comprised of newly identified innate immune cells. These cells are characterized by their ability to rapidly produce type 2 cytokines. ILC2s are predominant resident ILCs and, thereby, have the ability to respond to signals from damaged tissues. ILC2s regulate the immune response, and ILC2-derived type 2 cytokines may exert protective roles against sepsis-induced lung injury. This focused review not only provides readers with new insights into the signaling mechanisms by which ILC2s modulate sepsis-induced lung inflammation, but also proposes ILC2 as a novel therapeutic target for sepsis-induced ALI. MDPI 2020-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7600279/ /pubmed/33053762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100808 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Akama, Yuichi
Satoh-Takayama, Naoko
Kawamoto, Eiji
Ito, Atsushi
Gaowa, Arong
Park, Eun Jeong
Imai, Hiroshi
Shimaoka, Motomu
The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title_full The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title_fullStr The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title_short The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation
title_sort role of innate lymphoid cells in the regulation of immune homeostasis in sepsis-mediated lung inflammation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33053762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100808
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