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Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages
Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. There are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in wild monkeys and apes. S. aureus carriage in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and Assam macaques (Macaca assamensis) is a species that has not previ...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100689 |
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author | Roberts, Marilyn C. Joshi, Prabhu Raj Monecke, Stefan Ehricht, Ralf Müller, Elke Gawlik, Darius Diezel, Celia Braun, Sascha D. Paudel, Saroj Acharya, Mahesh Khanal, Laxman Koju, Narayan P. Chalise, Mukesh Kyes, Randall C. |
author_facet | Roberts, Marilyn C. Joshi, Prabhu Raj Monecke, Stefan Ehricht, Ralf Müller, Elke Gawlik, Darius Diezel, Celia Braun, Sascha D. Paudel, Saroj Acharya, Mahesh Khanal, Laxman Koju, Narayan P. Chalise, Mukesh Kyes, Randall C. |
author_sort | Roberts, Marilyn C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. There are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in wild monkeys and apes. S. aureus carriage in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and Assam macaques (Macaca assamensis) is a species that has not previously been sampled and lives in remote environments with limited human contact. Forty Staphylococcus aureus isolates including 33 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and seven methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were characterized. Thirty-four isolates were from rhesus macaques and six isolates (five MSSA, one MRSA) were from Assam macaques. Isolates were characterized using StaphyType DNA microarrays. Five of the MRSA including one from Assam macaque were CC22 MRSA-IV (PVL+/tst+), which is a strain previously identified in Nepalese rhesus. One MRSA each were CC6 MRSA-IV and CC772 MRSA-V (PVL+). One MSSA each belonged to CC15, CC96, and CC2990. Six MRSA isolates carried the blaZ, while ten known CC isolates (seven MRSA, three MSSA) carried a variety of genes including aacA-aphD, aphA3, erm(C), mph(C), dfrA, msrA, and/or sat genes. The other 30 MSSA isolates belonged to 17 novel clonal complexes, carried no antibiotic resistance genes, lacked Panton–Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), and most examined exotoxin genes. Four clonal complexes carried egc enterotoxin genes, and four harbored edinB, which is an exfoliative toxin homologue. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7601186 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76011862020-11-01 Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages Roberts, Marilyn C. Joshi, Prabhu Raj Monecke, Stefan Ehricht, Ralf Müller, Elke Gawlik, Darius Diezel, Celia Braun, Sascha D. Paudel, Saroj Acharya, Mahesh Khanal, Laxman Koju, Narayan P. Chalise, Mukesh Kyes, Randall C. Antibiotics (Basel) Article Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. There are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in wild monkeys and apes. S. aureus carriage in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and Assam macaques (Macaca assamensis) is a species that has not previously been sampled and lives in remote environments with limited human contact. Forty Staphylococcus aureus isolates including 33 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and seven methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were characterized. Thirty-four isolates were from rhesus macaques and six isolates (five MSSA, one MRSA) were from Assam macaques. Isolates were characterized using StaphyType DNA microarrays. Five of the MRSA including one from Assam macaque were CC22 MRSA-IV (PVL+/tst+), which is a strain previously identified in Nepalese rhesus. One MRSA each were CC6 MRSA-IV and CC772 MRSA-V (PVL+). One MSSA each belonged to CC15, CC96, and CC2990. Six MRSA isolates carried the blaZ, while ten known CC isolates (seven MRSA, three MSSA) carried a variety of genes including aacA-aphD, aphA3, erm(C), mph(C), dfrA, msrA, and/or sat genes. The other 30 MSSA isolates belonged to 17 novel clonal complexes, carried no antibiotic resistance genes, lacked Panton–Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), and most examined exotoxin genes. Four clonal complexes carried egc enterotoxin genes, and four harbored edinB, which is an exfoliative toxin homologue. MDPI 2020-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7601186/ /pubmed/33066007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100689 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Roberts, Marilyn C. Joshi, Prabhu Raj Monecke, Stefan Ehricht, Ralf Müller, Elke Gawlik, Darius Diezel, Celia Braun, Sascha D. Paudel, Saroj Acharya, Mahesh Khanal, Laxman Koju, Narayan P. Chalise, Mukesh Kyes, Randall C. Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title | Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title_full | Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title_fullStr | Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title_full_unstemmed | Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title_short | Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant S. aureus in Nepalese Primates: Resistance to Antimicrobials, Virulence, and Genetic Lineages |
title_sort | staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant s. aureus in nepalese primates: resistance to antimicrobials, virulence, and genetic lineages |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601186/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100689 |
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