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The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design

With the global threat of SARS-CoV-2, much effort has been focused on treatment and disease control. However, how coronaviruses react to the treatments and whether the surviving viruses have altered their characteristics are also unanswered questions with medical importance. To this end, bovine coro...

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Autores principales: Lin, Ching-Hung, Yang, Cheng-Yao, Ou, Shan-Chia, Wang, Meilin, Lo, Chen-Yu, Tsai, Tsung-Lin, Wu, Hung-Yi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32987828
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100376
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author Lin, Ching-Hung
Yang, Cheng-Yao
Ou, Shan-Chia
Wang, Meilin
Lo, Chen-Yu
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
Wu, Hung-Yi
author_facet Lin, Ching-Hung
Yang, Cheng-Yao
Ou, Shan-Chia
Wang, Meilin
Lo, Chen-Yu
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
Wu, Hung-Yi
author_sort Lin, Ching-Hung
collection PubMed
description With the global threat of SARS-CoV-2, much effort has been focused on treatment and disease control. However, how coronaviruses react to the treatments and whether the surviving viruses have altered their characteristics are also unanswered questions with medical importance. To this end, bovine coronavirus (BCoV), which is in the same genus as SARS-CoV-2, was used as a test model and the findings were as follows. With the treatment of antiviral remdesivir, the selected BCoV variant with an altered genome structure developed resistance, but its pathogenicity was not increased in comparison to that of wild type (wt) BCoV. Under the selection pressure of innate immunity, the genome structure was also altered; however, neither resistance developed nor pathogenicity increased for the selected BCoV variant. Furthermore, both selected BCoV variants showed a better efficiency in adapting to alternative host cells than wt BCoV. In addition, the previously unidentified feature that the spike protein was a common target for mutations under different antiviral treatments might pose a problem for vaccine development because spike protein is a common target for antibody and vaccine designs. The findings derived from this fundamental research may contribute to the disease control and treatments against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
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spelling pubmed-76015232020-11-01 The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design Lin, Ching-Hung Yang, Cheng-Yao Ou, Shan-Chia Wang, Meilin Lo, Chen-Yu Tsai, Tsung-Lin Wu, Hung-Yi Biomedicines Article With the global threat of SARS-CoV-2, much effort has been focused on treatment and disease control. However, how coronaviruses react to the treatments and whether the surviving viruses have altered their characteristics are also unanswered questions with medical importance. To this end, bovine coronavirus (BCoV), which is in the same genus as SARS-CoV-2, was used as a test model and the findings were as follows. With the treatment of antiviral remdesivir, the selected BCoV variant with an altered genome structure developed resistance, but its pathogenicity was not increased in comparison to that of wild type (wt) BCoV. Under the selection pressure of innate immunity, the genome structure was also altered; however, neither resistance developed nor pathogenicity increased for the selected BCoV variant. Furthermore, both selected BCoV variants showed a better efficiency in adapting to alternative host cells than wt BCoV. In addition, the previously unidentified feature that the spike protein was a common target for mutations under different antiviral treatments might pose a problem for vaccine development because spike protein is a common target for antibody and vaccine designs. The findings derived from this fundamental research may contribute to the disease control and treatments against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. MDPI 2020-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7601523/ /pubmed/32987828 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100376 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lin, Ching-Hung
Yang, Cheng-Yao
Ou, Shan-Chia
Wang, Meilin
Lo, Chen-Yu
Tsai, Tsung-Lin
Wu, Hung-Yi
The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title_full The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title_fullStr The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title_full_unstemmed The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title_short The Impacts of Antivirals on the Coronavirus Genome Structure and Subsequent Pathogenicity, Virus Fitness and Antiviral Design
title_sort impacts of antivirals on the coronavirus genome structure and subsequent pathogenicity, virus fitness and antiviral design
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7601523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32987828
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100376
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