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Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)

Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Saudi Ministry of Healt...

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Autores principales: Khan, Anas A., AlRuthia, Yazed, Balkhi, Bander, Alghadeer, Sultan M., Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Althunayyan, Saqer M., Alsofayan, Yousef M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066327
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207458
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author Khan, Anas A.
AlRuthia, Yazed
Balkhi, Bander
Alghadeer, Sultan M.
Temsah, Mohamad-Hani
Althunayyan, Saqer M.
Alsofayan, Yousef M.
author_facet Khan, Anas A.
AlRuthia, Yazed
Balkhi, Bander
Alghadeer, Sultan M.
Temsah, Mohamad-Hani
Althunayyan, Saqer M.
Alsofayan, Yousef M.
author_sort Khan, Anas A.
collection PubMed
description Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Saudi Ministry of Health (MoH) between 1 March and 29 May 2020. Kaplan–Meier (KM) analyses and multiple Cox proportional-hazards regression were conducted to assess the survival of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from hospital admission to discharge (censored) or death. Micro-costing was used to estimate the direct medical costs associated with hospitalization per patient. Results: The number of included patients with complete status (discharge or death) was 1422. The overall 14-day survival was 0.699 (95%CI: 0.652–0.741). Older adults (>70 years) (HR = 5.00, 95%CI = 2.83–8.91), patients on MVs (5.39, 3.83–7.64), non-Saudi patients (1.37, 1.01–1.89), and ICU admission (2.09, 1.49–2.93) were associated with a high risk of mortality. The mean cost per patient (in SAR) for those admitted to the general Medical Ward (GMW) and ICU was 42,704.49 ± 29,811.25 and 79,418.30 ± 55,647.69, respectively. Conclusion: The high hospitalization costs for COVID-19 patients represents is a significant public health challenge. Efficient allocation of healthcare resources cannot be emphasized enough.
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spelling pubmed-76021122020-11-01 Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia) Khan, Anas A. AlRuthia, Yazed Balkhi, Bander Alghadeer, Sultan M. Temsah, Mohamad-Hani Althunayyan, Saqer M. Alsofayan, Yousef M. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Saudi Ministry of Health (MoH) between 1 March and 29 May 2020. Kaplan–Meier (KM) analyses and multiple Cox proportional-hazards regression were conducted to assess the survival of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from hospital admission to discharge (censored) or death. Micro-costing was used to estimate the direct medical costs associated with hospitalization per patient. Results: The number of included patients with complete status (discharge or death) was 1422. The overall 14-day survival was 0.699 (95%CI: 0.652–0.741). Older adults (>70 years) (HR = 5.00, 95%CI = 2.83–8.91), patients on MVs (5.39, 3.83–7.64), non-Saudi patients (1.37, 1.01–1.89), and ICU admission (2.09, 1.49–2.93) were associated with a high risk of mortality. The mean cost per patient (in SAR) for those admitted to the general Medical Ward (GMW) and ICU was 42,704.49 ± 29,811.25 and 79,418.30 ± 55,647.69, respectively. Conclusion: The high hospitalization costs for COVID-19 patients represents is a significant public health challenge. Efficient allocation of healthcare resources cannot be emphasized enough. MDPI 2020-10-13 2020-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7602112/ /pubmed/33066327 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207458 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Khan, Anas A.
AlRuthia, Yazed
Balkhi, Bander
Alghadeer, Sultan M.
Temsah, Mohamad-Hani
Althunayyan, Saqer M.
Alsofayan, Yousef M.
Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title_full Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title_fullStr Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title_full_unstemmed Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title_short Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia)
title_sort survival and estimation of direct medical costs of hospitalized covid-19 patients in the kingdom of saudi arabia (short title: covid-19 survival and cost in saudi arabia)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066327
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207458
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