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Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes

The human gut microbiome is an important component that defines host health. Childhood is a particularly important period for the establishment and development of gut microbiota (GM). We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene from fecal samples of children between 5 and 10 years old, in two Mexican communities...

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Autores principales: Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés, Cerqueda-García, Daniel, Falcón, Luisa I., Gaona, Osiris, Martínez-Correa, Santiago, Nieto, Javier, G-Santoyo, Isaac
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101592
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author Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés
Cerqueda-García, Daniel
Falcón, Luisa I.
Gaona, Osiris
Martínez-Correa, Santiago
Nieto, Javier
G-Santoyo, Isaac
author_facet Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés
Cerqueda-García, Daniel
Falcón, Luisa I.
Gaona, Osiris
Martínez-Correa, Santiago
Nieto, Javier
G-Santoyo, Isaac
author_sort Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés
collection PubMed
description The human gut microbiome is an important component that defines host health. Childhood is a particularly important period for the establishment and development of gut microbiota (GM). We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene from fecal samples of children between 5 and 10 years old, in two Mexican communities with contrasting lifestyles, i.e., “Westernized” (México City, n = 13) and “non-Westernized” (Me’phaa indigenous group, n = 29), in order to characterize and compare their GM. The main differences between these two communities were in bacteria associated with different types of diets (high animal protein and refined sugars vs. high fiber food, respectively). In addition, the GM of Me’phaa children showed higher total diversity and the presence of exclusive phyla, such as Deinococcus-Thermus, Chloroflexi, Elusimicrobia, Acidobacteria, and Fibrobacteres. In contrast, the children from México City showed less diversity and the presence of Saccharibacteria phylum, which was associated with the degradation of sugar compounds and was not present in the samples from Me’phaa children. This comparison provided further knowledge of the selective pressures affecting microbial ecosystemic composition over the course of human evolution and the potential consequences of pathophysiological states correlated with Westernization lifestyles.
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spelling pubmed-76027012020-11-01 Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés Cerqueda-García, Daniel Falcón, Luisa I. Gaona, Osiris Martínez-Correa, Santiago Nieto, Javier G-Santoyo, Isaac Microorganisms Article The human gut microbiome is an important component that defines host health. Childhood is a particularly important period for the establishment and development of gut microbiota (GM). We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene from fecal samples of children between 5 and 10 years old, in two Mexican communities with contrasting lifestyles, i.e., “Westernized” (México City, n = 13) and “non-Westernized” (Me’phaa indigenous group, n = 29), in order to characterize and compare their GM. The main differences between these two communities were in bacteria associated with different types of diets (high animal protein and refined sugars vs. high fiber food, respectively). In addition, the GM of Me’phaa children showed higher total diversity and the presence of exclusive phyla, such as Deinococcus-Thermus, Chloroflexi, Elusimicrobia, Acidobacteria, and Fibrobacteres. In contrast, the children from México City showed less diversity and the presence of Saccharibacteria phylum, which was associated with the degradation of sugar compounds and was not present in the samples from Me’phaa children. This comparison provided further knowledge of the selective pressures affecting microbial ecosystemic composition over the course of human evolution and the potential consequences of pathophysiological states correlated with Westernization lifestyles. MDPI 2020-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7602701/ /pubmed/33081076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101592 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sánchez-Quinto, Andrés
Cerqueda-García, Daniel
Falcón, Luisa I.
Gaona, Osiris
Martínez-Correa, Santiago
Nieto, Javier
G-Santoyo, Isaac
Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title_full Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title_fullStr Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title_full_unstemmed Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title_short Gut Microbiome in Children from Indigenous and Urban Communities in México: Different Subsistence Models, Different Microbiomes
title_sort gut microbiome in children from indigenous and urban communities in méxico: different subsistence models, different microbiomes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101592
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