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State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (D...

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Autores principales: Dyer, Maddy L, Board, Alexander G, Hogarth, Lee, Suddell, Steph F, Heron, Jon E, Hickman, Matthew, Munafò, Marcus R, Attwood, Angela S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854598
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913
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author Dyer, Maddy L
Board, Alexander G
Hogarth, Lee
Suddell, Steph F
Heron, Jon E
Hickman, Matthew
Munafò, Marcus R
Attwood, Angela S
author_facet Dyer, Maddy L
Board, Alexander G
Hogarth, Lee
Suddell, Steph F
Heron, Jon E
Hickman, Matthew
Munafò, Marcus R
Attwood, Angela S
author_sort Dyer, Maddy L
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge. AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. METHODS: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO(2) challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. RESULTS: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p < .001, η(p)(2) = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p = .076, η(p)(2) = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p = .013, η(p)(2) = .11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p = .655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p = .852). CONCLUSIONS: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.
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spelling pubmed-76048792020-11-17 State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies Dyer, Maddy L Board, Alexander G Hogarth, Lee Suddell, Steph F Heron, Jon E Hickman, Matthew Munafò, Marcus R Attwood, Angela S J Psychopharmacol Original Papers BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge. AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. METHODS: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO(2) challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. RESULTS: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p < .001, η(p)(2) = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p = .076, η(p)(2) = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p = .013, η(p)(2) = .11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p = .655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p = .852). CONCLUSIONS: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample. SAGE Publications 2020-08-27 2020-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7604879/ /pubmed/32854598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Papers
Dyer, Maddy L
Board, Alexander G
Hogarth, Lee
Suddell, Steph F
Heron, Jon E
Hickman, Matthew
Munafò, Marcus R
Attwood, Angela S
State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title_full State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title_fullStr State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title_full_unstemmed State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title_short State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
title_sort state anxiety and alcohol choice: evidence from experimental and online observational studies
topic Original Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854598
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913
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