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State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies
BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (D...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604879/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913 |
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author | Dyer, Maddy L Board, Alexander G Hogarth, Lee Suddell, Steph F Heron, Jon E Hickman, Matthew Munafò, Marcus R Attwood, Angela S |
author_facet | Dyer, Maddy L Board, Alexander G Hogarth, Lee Suddell, Steph F Heron, Jon E Hickman, Matthew Munafò, Marcus R Attwood, Angela S |
author_sort | Dyer, Maddy L |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge. AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. METHODS: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO(2) challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. RESULTS: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p < .001, η(p)(2) = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p = .076, η(p)(2) = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p = .013, η(p)(2) = .11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p = .655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p = .852). CONCLUSIONS: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7604879 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76048792020-11-17 State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies Dyer, Maddy L Board, Alexander G Hogarth, Lee Suddell, Steph F Heron, Jon E Hickman, Matthew Munafò, Marcus R Attwood, Angela S J Psychopharmacol Original Papers BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge. AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. METHODS: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO(2) challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. RESULTS: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p < .001, η(p)(2) = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p = .076, η(p)(2) = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p = .013, η(p)(2) = .11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p = .655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p = .852). CONCLUSIONS: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample. SAGE Publications 2020-08-27 2020-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7604879/ /pubmed/32854598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Papers Dyer, Maddy L Board, Alexander G Hogarth, Lee Suddell, Steph F Heron, Jon E Hickman, Matthew Munafò, Marcus R Attwood, Angela S State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies |
title | State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
title_full | State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
title_fullStr | State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
title_full_unstemmed | State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
title_short | State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
title_sort | state anxiety and alcohol choice: evidence from experimental and
online observational studies |
topic | Original Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604879/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913 |
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