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Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus

Nanoindentation technology with high spatial resolution and force sensitivity is widely used to measure the mechanical properties of hard biomaterials and tissues. However, its reliability to analyze soft biomaterials and organs has not been tested. Here, we evaluated the utility of nanoindentation...

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Autores principales: Wu, Guanlin, Gotthardt, Michael, Gollasch, Maik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7606463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33139771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75738-7
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author Wu, Guanlin
Gotthardt, Michael
Gollasch, Maik
author_facet Wu, Guanlin
Gotthardt, Michael
Gollasch, Maik
author_sort Wu, Guanlin
collection PubMed
description Nanoindentation technology with high spatial resolution and force sensitivity is widely used to measure the mechanical properties of hard biomaterials and tissues. However, its reliability to analyze soft biomaterials and organs has not been tested. Here, we evaluated the utility of nanoindentation to measure the passive mechanical properties of soft biological specimen. Kidney, liver, spleen and uterus samples were harvested from C57BL/6 N mice. We assessed test–retest repeatability in biological specimen and hydrogel controls using Bland–Altman diagrams, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the within-subject coefficients of variation (COVs). The results were calculated using Hertzian, JKR and Oliver & Pharr models. Similar to hydrogels, Bland–Altman plots of all biological specimen showed good reliability in stiffness test and retest examinations. In gels, ICCs were larger than 0.8 and COVs were smaller than 15% in all three models. In kidney, liver, spleen and uterus, ICCs were consistently larger than 0.8 only in the Hertzian model but not in the JKR and Oliver & Pharr models. Similarly, COVs were consistently smaller than 15% in kidney, liver, spleen and uterus only in the Hertzian model but not in the other models. We conclude that nanoindentation technology is feasible in detecting the stiffness of kidney, liver, spleen and uterus. The Hertzian model is the preferred method to provide reliable results on ex vivo organ stiffness of the biological specimen under study.
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spelling pubmed-76064632020-11-03 Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus Wu, Guanlin Gotthardt, Michael Gollasch, Maik Sci Rep Article Nanoindentation technology with high spatial resolution and force sensitivity is widely used to measure the mechanical properties of hard biomaterials and tissues. However, its reliability to analyze soft biomaterials and organs has not been tested. Here, we evaluated the utility of nanoindentation to measure the passive mechanical properties of soft biological specimen. Kidney, liver, spleen and uterus samples were harvested from C57BL/6 N mice. We assessed test–retest repeatability in biological specimen and hydrogel controls using Bland–Altman diagrams, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the within-subject coefficients of variation (COVs). The results were calculated using Hertzian, JKR and Oliver & Pharr models. Similar to hydrogels, Bland–Altman plots of all biological specimen showed good reliability in stiffness test and retest examinations. In gels, ICCs were larger than 0.8 and COVs were smaller than 15% in all three models. In kidney, liver, spleen and uterus, ICCs were consistently larger than 0.8 only in the Hertzian model but not in the JKR and Oliver & Pharr models. Similarly, COVs were consistently smaller than 15% in kidney, liver, spleen and uterus only in the Hertzian model but not in the other models. We conclude that nanoindentation technology is feasible in detecting the stiffness of kidney, liver, spleen and uterus. The Hertzian model is the preferred method to provide reliable results on ex vivo organ stiffness of the biological specimen under study. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7606463/ /pubmed/33139771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75738-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Wu, Guanlin
Gotthardt, Michael
Gollasch, Maik
Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title_full Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title_fullStr Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title_short Assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
title_sort assessment of nanoindentation in stiffness measurement of soft biomaterials: kidney, liver, spleen and uterus
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7606463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33139771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75738-7
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