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Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations

The 2019 novel coronavirus which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) known as SARS-CoV-2 still remains as a global pandemic since its discovery and continues to spread across the world, given how highly contagious the virus is. We reviewed various articles that explore eye involvement in...

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Autores principales: Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf, Lim, Lik Thai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7607601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33195813
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000630
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author Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf
Lim, Lik Thai
author_facet Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf
Lim, Lik Thai
author_sort Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf
collection PubMed
description The 2019 novel coronavirus which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) known as SARS-CoV-2 still remains as a global pandemic since its discovery and continues to spread across the world, given how highly contagious the virus is. We reviewed various articles that explore eye involvement in COVID-19 and other human coronaviruses, its human manifestations in comparison to animal studies and potential mechanism of viral entry into the eye surface. Evidence of animal studies depicted various complications of coronaviruses infection into the eyes, in both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Conjunctival inflammation remains uncommon in association with COVID-19, with other ophthalmic findings. The risk of transmission via the ocular surface remains likely low, though it is inarguably present based on preliminary finding of viral load in ocular samples and expression of ACE2 on the ocular surface. Testing the tears sample for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 was unreliable due to limitations of the testing kits and conflicting evidence of the viral titre in the ocular samples. Further larger, more precise and specific studies are required to allow us to better understand the pattern of virulence underlying the associations of SARS-CoV-2 in the eye despite its rare occurrence. This review article aims to enhance better awareness among clinicians regarding ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19 and necessary precautions should be implemented to minimise the risk of person-to-person especially in the nosocomial setting.
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spelling pubmed-76076012020-11-12 Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf Lim, Lik Thai BMJ Open Ophthalmol Review The 2019 novel coronavirus which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) known as SARS-CoV-2 still remains as a global pandemic since its discovery and continues to spread across the world, given how highly contagious the virus is. We reviewed various articles that explore eye involvement in COVID-19 and other human coronaviruses, its human manifestations in comparison to animal studies and potential mechanism of viral entry into the eye surface. Evidence of animal studies depicted various complications of coronaviruses infection into the eyes, in both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Conjunctival inflammation remains uncommon in association with COVID-19, with other ophthalmic findings. The risk of transmission via the ocular surface remains likely low, though it is inarguably present based on preliminary finding of viral load in ocular samples and expression of ACE2 on the ocular surface. Testing the tears sample for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 was unreliable due to limitations of the testing kits and conflicting evidence of the viral titre in the ocular samples. Further larger, more precise and specific studies are required to allow us to better understand the pattern of virulence underlying the associations of SARS-CoV-2 in the eye despite its rare occurrence. This review article aims to enhance better awareness among clinicians regarding ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19 and necessary precautions should be implemented to minimise the risk of person-to-person especially in the nosocomial setting. BMJ Publishing Group 2020-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7607601/ /pubmed/33195813 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000630 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Review
Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf
Lim, Lik Thai
Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title_full Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title_fullStr Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title_full_unstemmed Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title_short Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
title_sort human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7607601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33195813
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000630
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