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Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3

Biotic stresses caused by microbial pathogens impair crop yield and quality if not restricted by expensive and often ecologically problematic pesticides. For a sustainable agriculture of tomorrow, breeding or engineering of pathogen-resistant crop varieties is therefore a major cornerstone. Maize is...

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Autores principales: Pathi, Krishna Mohan, Rink, Philipp, Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni, Betz, Ruben, Saado, Indira, Hiekel, Stefan, Becker, Martin, Djamei, Armin, Kumlehn, Jochen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7609844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.543895
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author Pathi, Krishna Mohan
Rink, Philipp
Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni
Betz, Ruben
Saado, Indira
Hiekel, Stefan
Becker, Martin
Djamei, Armin
Kumlehn, Jochen
author_facet Pathi, Krishna Mohan
Rink, Philipp
Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni
Betz, Ruben
Saado, Indira
Hiekel, Stefan
Becker, Martin
Djamei, Armin
Kumlehn, Jochen
author_sort Pathi, Krishna Mohan
collection PubMed
description Biotic stresses caused by microbial pathogens impair crop yield and quality if not restricted by expensive and often ecologically problematic pesticides. For a sustainable agriculture of tomorrow, breeding or engineering of pathogen-resistant crop varieties is therefore a major cornerstone. Maize is one of the four most important cereal crops in the world. The biotrophic fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis causes galls on all aerial parts of the maize plant. Biotrophic pathogens like U. maydis co-evolved with their host plant and depend during their life cycle on successful manipulation of the host’s cellular machinery. Therefore, removing or altering plant susceptibility genes is an effective and usually durable way to obtain resistance in plants. Transcriptional time course experiments in U. maydis-infected maize revealed numerous maize genes being upregulated upon establishment of biotrophy. Among these genes is the maize LIPOXYGENASE 3 (LOX3) previously shown to be a susceptibility factor for other fungal genera as well. Aiming to engineer durable resistance in maize against U. maydis and possibly other pathogens, we took a Cas endonuclease technology approach to generate loss of function mutations in LOX3. lox3 maize mutant plants react with an enhanced PAMP-triggered ROS burst implicating an enhanced defense response. Based on visual assessment of disease symptoms and quantification of relative fungal biomass, homozygous lox3 mutant plants exposed to U. maydis show significantly decreased susceptibility. U. maydis infection assays using a transposon mutant lox3 maize line further substantiated that LOX3 is a susceptibility factor for this important maize pathogen.
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spelling pubmed-76098442020-11-13 Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3 Pathi, Krishna Mohan Rink, Philipp Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni Betz, Ruben Saado, Indira Hiekel, Stefan Becker, Martin Djamei, Armin Kumlehn, Jochen Front Plant Sci Plant Science Biotic stresses caused by microbial pathogens impair crop yield and quality if not restricted by expensive and often ecologically problematic pesticides. For a sustainable agriculture of tomorrow, breeding or engineering of pathogen-resistant crop varieties is therefore a major cornerstone. Maize is one of the four most important cereal crops in the world. The biotrophic fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis causes galls on all aerial parts of the maize plant. Biotrophic pathogens like U. maydis co-evolved with their host plant and depend during their life cycle on successful manipulation of the host’s cellular machinery. Therefore, removing or altering plant susceptibility genes is an effective and usually durable way to obtain resistance in plants. Transcriptional time course experiments in U. maydis-infected maize revealed numerous maize genes being upregulated upon establishment of biotrophy. Among these genes is the maize LIPOXYGENASE 3 (LOX3) previously shown to be a susceptibility factor for other fungal genera as well. Aiming to engineer durable resistance in maize against U. maydis and possibly other pathogens, we took a Cas endonuclease technology approach to generate loss of function mutations in LOX3. lox3 maize mutant plants react with an enhanced PAMP-triggered ROS burst implicating an enhanced defense response. Based on visual assessment of disease symptoms and quantification of relative fungal biomass, homozygous lox3 mutant plants exposed to U. maydis show significantly decreased susceptibility. U. maydis infection assays using a transposon mutant lox3 maize line further substantiated that LOX3 is a susceptibility factor for this important maize pathogen. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7609844/ /pubmed/33193477 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.543895 Text en Copyright © 2020 Pathi, Rink, Budhagatapalli, Betz, Saado, Hiekel, Becker, Djamei and Kumlehn. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Pathi, Krishna Mohan
Rink, Philipp
Budhagatapalli, Nagaveni
Betz, Ruben
Saado, Indira
Hiekel, Stefan
Becker, Martin
Djamei, Armin
Kumlehn, Jochen
Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title_full Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title_fullStr Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title_full_unstemmed Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title_short Engineering Smut Resistance in Maize by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of LIPOXYGENASE 3
title_sort engineering smut resistance in maize by site-directed mutagenesis of lipoxygenase 3
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7609844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.543895
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