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Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria
With the alarming increase of infections caused by pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacteria over the last decades, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been investigated as a potential treatment for those infections, directly through their lytic effect or indirectly, due to their ability to modulate th...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7609970/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593215 |
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author | Assoni, Lucas Milani, Barbara Carvalho, Marianna Ribeiro Nepomuceno, Lucas Natanael Waz, Natalha Tedeschi Guerra, Maria Eduarda Souza Converso, Thiago Rojas Darrieux, Michelle |
author_facet | Assoni, Lucas Milani, Barbara Carvalho, Marianna Ribeiro Nepomuceno, Lucas Natanael Waz, Natalha Tedeschi Guerra, Maria Eduarda Souza Converso, Thiago Rojas Darrieux, Michelle |
author_sort | Assoni, Lucas |
collection | PubMed |
description | With the alarming increase of infections caused by pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacteria over the last decades, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been investigated as a potential treatment for those infections, directly through their lytic effect or indirectly, due to their ability to modulate the immune system. There are still concerns regarding the use of such molecules in the treatment of infections, such as cell toxicity and host factors that lead to peptide inhibition. To overcome these limitations, different approaches like peptide modification to reduce toxicity and peptide combinations to improve therapeutic efficacy are being tested. Human defense peptides consist of an important part of the innate immune system, against a myriad of potential aggressors, which have in turn developed different ways to overcome the AMPs microbicidal activities. Since the antimicrobial activity of AMPs vary between Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, so do the bacterial resistance arsenal. This review discusses the mechanisms exploited by Gram-positive bacteria to circumvent killing by antimicrobial peptides. Specifically, the most clinically relevant genera, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Gram-positive bacilli, have been explored. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7609970 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76099702020-11-13 Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria Assoni, Lucas Milani, Barbara Carvalho, Marianna Ribeiro Nepomuceno, Lucas Natanael Waz, Natalha Tedeschi Guerra, Maria Eduarda Souza Converso, Thiago Rojas Darrieux, Michelle Front Microbiol Microbiology With the alarming increase of infections caused by pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacteria over the last decades, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been investigated as a potential treatment for those infections, directly through their lytic effect or indirectly, due to their ability to modulate the immune system. There are still concerns regarding the use of such molecules in the treatment of infections, such as cell toxicity and host factors that lead to peptide inhibition. To overcome these limitations, different approaches like peptide modification to reduce toxicity and peptide combinations to improve therapeutic efficacy are being tested. Human defense peptides consist of an important part of the innate immune system, against a myriad of potential aggressors, which have in turn developed different ways to overcome the AMPs microbicidal activities. Since the antimicrobial activity of AMPs vary between Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, so do the bacterial resistance arsenal. This review discusses the mechanisms exploited by Gram-positive bacteria to circumvent killing by antimicrobial peptides. Specifically, the most clinically relevant genera, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Gram-positive bacilli, have been explored. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7609970/ /pubmed/33193264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593215 Text en Copyright © 2020 Assoni, Milani, Carvalho, Nepomuceno, Waz, Guerra, Converso and Darrieux. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Assoni, Lucas Milani, Barbara Carvalho, Marianna Ribeiro Nepomuceno, Lucas Natanael Waz, Natalha Tedeschi Guerra, Maria Eduarda Souza Converso, Thiago Rojas Darrieux, Michelle Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title | Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title_full | Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title_fullStr | Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title_full_unstemmed | Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title_short | Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria |
title_sort | resistance mechanisms to antimicrobial peptides in gram-positive bacteria |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7609970/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593215 |
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