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Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics
Cortical stiffness is an important cellular property that changes during migration, adhesion, and growth. Previous atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation measurements of cells cultured on deformable substrates suggested that cells adapt their stiffness to that of their surroundings. Here we show...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7610513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32451510 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0684-x |
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author | Rheinlaender, Johannes Dimitracopoulos, Andrea Wallmeyer, Bernhard Kronenberg, Nils M. Chalut, Kevin J. Gather, Malte C. Betz, Timo Charras, Guillaume Franze, Kristian |
author_facet | Rheinlaender, Johannes Dimitracopoulos, Andrea Wallmeyer, Bernhard Kronenberg, Nils M. Chalut, Kevin J. Gather, Malte C. Betz, Timo Charras, Guillaume Franze, Kristian |
author_sort | Rheinlaender, Johannes |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cortical stiffness is an important cellular property that changes during migration, adhesion, and growth. Previous atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation measurements of cells cultured on deformable substrates suggested that cells adapt their stiffness to that of their surroundings. Here we show that the force applied by AFM onto cells results in a significant deformation of the underlying substrate if it is softer than the cells. This ‘soft substrate effect’ leads to an underestimation of a cell’s elastic modulus when analyzing data using a standard Hertz model, as confirmed by finite element modelling (FEM) and AFM measurements of calibrated polyacrylamide beads, microglial cells, and fibroblasts. To account for this substrate deformation, we developed the ‘composite cell-substrate model’ (CoCS model). Correcting for the substrate indentation revealed that cortical cell stiffness is largely independent of substrate mechanics, which has significant implications for our interpretation of many physiological and pathological processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7610513 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76105132021-04-01 Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics Rheinlaender, Johannes Dimitracopoulos, Andrea Wallmeyer, Bernhard Kronenberg, Nils M. Chalut, Kevin J. Gather, Malte C. Betz, Timo Charras, Guillaume Franze, Kristian Nat Mater Article Cortical stiffness is an important cellular property that changes during migration, adhesion, and growth. Previous atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation measurements of cells cultured on deformable substrates suggested that cells adapt their stiffness to that of their surroundings. Here we show that the force applied by AFM onto cells results in a significant deformation of the underlying substrate if it is softer than the cells. This ‘soft substrate effect’ leads to an underestimation of a cell’s elastic modulus when analyzing data using a standard Hertz model, as confirmed by finite element modelling (FEM) and AFM measurements of calibrated polyacrylamide beads, microglial cells, and fibroblasts. To account for this substrate deformation, we developed the ‘composite cell-substrate model’ (CoCS model). Correcting for the substrate indentation revealed that cortical cell stiffness is largely independent of substrate mechanics, which has significant implications for our interpretation of many physiological and pathological processes. 2020-09-01 2020-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7610513/ /pubmed/32451510 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0684-x Text en http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#termsUsers may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms |
spellingShingle | Article Rheinlaender, Johannes Dimitracopoulos, Andrea Wallmeyer, Bernhard Kronenberg, Nils M. Chalut, Kevin J. Gather, Malte C. Betz, Timo Charras, Guillaume Franze, Kristian Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title | Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title_full | Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title_fullStr | Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title_full_unstemmed | Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title_short | Cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
title_sort | cortical cell stiffness is independent of substrate mechanics |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7610513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32451510 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0684-x |
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