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Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media
OBJECTIVE: Otitis media (OM) is a common reason for children to be prescribed antibiotics and undergo surgery but a thorough understanding of disease mechanisms is lacking. We evaluate the evidence of a dysregulated immune response in the pathogenesis of OM. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic revie...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cambridge University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7612930/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34404500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/erm.2021.10 |
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author | Mather, Michael W. Powell, Steven Talks, Benjamin Ward, Chris Bingle, Colin D. Haniffa, Muzlifah Powell, Jason |
author_facet | Mather, Michael W. Powell, Steven Talks, Benjamin Ward, Chris Bingle, Colin D. Haniffa, Muzlifah Powell, Jason |
author_sort | Mather, Michael W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Otitis media (OM) is a common reason for children to be prescribed antibiotics and undergo surgery but a thorough understanding of disease mechanisms is lacking. We evaluate the evidence of a dysregulated immune response in the pathogenesis of OM. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature using search terms [otitis media OR glue ear OR AOM OR OME] OR [middle ear AND (infection OR inflammation)] which were run through Medline and Embase via Ovid, including both human and animal studies. In total, 82 955 studies underwent automated filtering followed by manual screening. One hundred studies were included in the review. RESULTS: Most studies were based on in vitro or animal work. Abnormalities in pathogen detection pathways, such as Toll-like receptors, have confirmed roles in OM. The aetiology of OM, its chronic subgroups (chronic OM, persistent OM with effusion) and recurrent acute OM is complex; however, inflammatory signalling mechanisms are frequently implicated. Host epithelium likely plays a crucial role, but the characterisation of human middle ear tissue lags behind that of other anatomical subsites. CONCLUSIONS: Translational research for OM presently falls far behind its clinical importance. This has likely hindered the development of new diagnostic and treatment modalities. Further work is urgently required; particularly to disentangle the respective immune pathologies in the clinically observed phenotypes and thereby work towards more personalised treatments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7612930 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Cambridge University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76129302022-06-30 Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media Mather, Michael W. Powell, Steven Talks, Benjamin Ward, Chris Bingle, Colin D. Haniffa, Muzlifah Powell, Jason Expert Rev Mol Med Review OBJECTIVE: Otitis media (OM) is a common reason for children to be prescribed antibiotics and undergo surgery but a thorough understanding of disease mechanisms is lacking. We evaluate the evidence of a dysregulated immune response in the pathogenesis of OM. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature using search terms [otitis media OR glue ear OR AOM OR OME] OR [middle ear AND (infection OR inflammation)] which were run through Medline and Embase via Ovid, including both human and animal studies. In total, 82 955 studies underwent automated filtering followed by manual screening. One hundred studies were included in the review. RESULTS: Most studies were based on in vitro or animal work. Abnormalities in pathogen detection pathways, such as Toll-like receptors, have confirmed roles in OM. The aetiology of OM, its chronic subgroups (chronic OM, persistent OM with effusion) and recurrent acute OM is complex; however, inflammatory signalling mechanisms are frequently implicated. Host epithelium likely plays a crucial role, but the characterisation of human middle ear tissue lags behind that of other anatomical subsites. CONCLUSIONS: Translational research for OM presently falls far behind its clinical importance. This has likely hindered the development of new diagnostic and treatment modalities. Further work is urgently required; particularly to disentangle the respective immune pathologies in the clinically observed phenotypes and thereby work towards more personalised treatments. Cambridge University Press 2021-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7612930/ /pubmed/34404500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/erm.2021.10 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Mather, Michael W. Powell, Steven Talks, Benjamin Ward, Chris Bingle, Colin D. Haniffa, Muzlifah Powell, Jason Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title | Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title_full | Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title_fullStr | Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title_full_unstemmed | Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title_short | Dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
title_sort | dysregulation of immune response in otitis media |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7612930/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34404500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/erm.2021.10 |
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