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Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature

Current biomedical models fail to replicate the complexity of human biology. Consequently, almost 90% of drug candidates fail during clinical trials after decades of research and billions of investments in drug development. Despite their physiological similarities, animal models often misrepresent h...

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Autores principales: Veliz, Diosangeles Soto, Lin, Kai-Lan, Sahlgren, Cecilia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614466/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37089706
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/SMMD.20220030
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author Veliz, Diosangeles Soto
Lin, Kai-Lan
Sahlgren, Cecilia
author_facet Veliz, Diosangeles Soto
Lin, Kai-Lan
Sahlgren, Cecilia
author_sort Veliz, Diosangeles Soto
collection PubMed
description Current biomedical models fail to replicate the complexity of human biology. Consequently, almost 90% of drug candidates fail during clinical trials after decades of research and billions of investments in drug development. Despite their physiological similarities, animal models often misrepresent human responses, and instead, trigger ethical and societal debates regarding their use. The overall aim across regulatory entities worldwide is to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animal experimentation, a concept known as the Three Rs principle. In response, researchers develop experimental alternatives to improve the biological relevance of in vitro models through interdisciplinary approaches. This article highlights the emerging organ-on-a-chip technologies, also known as microphysiological systems, with a focus on models of the vasculature. The cardiovascular system transports all necessary substances, including drugs, throughout the body while in charge of thermal regulation and communication between other organ systems. In addition, we discuss the benefits, limitations, and challenges in the widespread use of new biomedical models. Coupled with patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, organ-on-a-chip technologies are the future of drug discovery, development, and personalized medicine.
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spelling pubmed-76144662023-04-21 Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature Veliz, Diosangeles Soto Lin, Kai-Lan Sahlgren, Cecilia Smart Med Article Current biomedical models fail to replicate the complexity of human biology. Consequently, almost 90% of drug candidates fail during clinical trials after decades of research and billions of investments in drug development. Despite their physiological similarities, animal models often misrepresent human responses, and instead, trigger ethical and societal debates regarding their use. The overall aim across regulatory entities worldwide is to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animal experimentation, a concept known as the Three Rs principle. In response, researchers develop experimental alternatives to improve the biological relevance of in vitro models through interdisciplinary approaches. This article highlights the emerging organ-on-a-chip technologies, also known as microphysiological systems, with a focus on models of the vasculature. The cardiovascular system transports all necessary substances, including drugs, throughout the body while in charge of thermal regulation and communication between other organ systems. In addition, we discuss the benefits, limitations, and challenges in the widespread use of new biomedical models. Coupled with patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, organ-on-a-chip technologies are the future of drug discovery, development, and personalized medicine. 2023-02-26 2023-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7614466/ /pubmed/37089706 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/SMMD.20220030 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Veliz, Diosangeles Soto
Lin, Kai-Lan
Sahlgren, Cecilia
Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title_full Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title_fullStr Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title_full_unstemmed Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title_short Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature
title_sort organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: a focus on the vasculature
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614466/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37089706
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/SMMD.20220030
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