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Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common endocrine abnormality in children, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The burden and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and...

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Autores principales: Mukunya, David, Odongkara, Beatrice, Piloya, Thereza, Nankabirwa, Victoria, Achora, Vincentina, Batte, Charles, Ditai, James, Tylleskar, Thorkild, Ndeezi, Grace, Kiguli, Sarah, Tumwine, James K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7640646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33292804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00275-y
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author Mukunya, David
Odongkara, Beatrice
Piloya, Thereza
Nankabirwa, Victoria
Achora, Vincentina
Batte, Charles
Ditai, James
Tylleskar, Thorkild
Ndeezi, Grace
Kiguli, Sarah
Tumwine, James K.
author_facet Mukunya, David
Odongkara, Beatrice
Piloya, Thereza
Nankabirwa, Victoria
Achora, Vincentina
Batte, Charles
Ditai, James
Tylleskar, Thorkild
Ndeezi, Grace
Kiguli, Sarah
Tumwine, James K.
author_sort Mukunya, David
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common endocrine abnormality in children, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The burden and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in Lira District, Northern Uganda. METHODS: This was a community-based cross-sectional study, nested in a cluster randomized controlled trial designed to promote health facility births and newborn care practices in Lira District, Northern Uganda. This study recruited neonates born to mothers in the parent study. Random blood glucose was measured using an On Call® Plus glucometer (ACON Laboratories, Inc., 10125 Mesa Road, San Diego, CA, USA). We defined hypoglycemia as a blood glucose of < 47 mg/dl. To determine the factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia, a multivariable linear regression mixed-effects model was used. RESULTS: We examined 1416 participants of mean age 3.1 days (standard deviation (SD) 2.1) and mean weight of 3.2 kg (SD 0.5). The mean neonatal blood glucose level was 81.6 mg/dl (SD 16.8). The prevalence of a blood glucose concentration of < 47 mg/dl was 2.2% (31/1416): 95% CI 1.2%, 3.9%. The risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia were delayed breastfeeding initiation [adjusted mean difference, − 2.6; 95% CI, − 4.4, − 0.79] and child age of 3 days or less [adjusted mean, − 12.2; 95% CI, − 14.0, − 10.4]. CONCLUSION: The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was low in this community and was predicted by delay in initiating breastfeeding and a child age of 3 days or less. We therefore suggest targeted screening and management of neonatal hypoglycemia among neonates before 3 days of age and those who are delayed in the onset of breastfeeding.
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spelling pubmed-76406462020-11-04 Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study Mukunya, David Odongkara, Beatrice Piloya, Thereza Nankabirwa, Victoria Achora, Vincentina Batte, Charles Ditai, James Tylleskar, Thorkild Ndeezi, Grace Kiguli, Sarah Tumwine, James K. Trop Med Health Research BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common endocrine abnormality in children, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The burden and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in Lira District, Northern Uganda. METHODS: This was a community-based cross-sectional study, nested in a cluster randomized controlled trial designed to promote health facility births and newborn care practices in Lira District, Northern Uganda. This study recruited neonates born to mothers in the parent study. Random blood glucose was measured using an On Call® Plus glucometer (ACON Laboratories, Inc., 10125 Mesa Road, San Diego, CA, USA). We defined hypoglycemia as a blood glucose of < 47 mg/dl. To determine the factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia, a multivariable linear regression mixed-effects model was used. RESULTS: We examined 1416 participants of mean age 3.1 days (standard deviation (SD) 2.1) and mean weight of 3.2 kg (SD 0.5). The mean neonatal blood glucose level was 81.6 mg/dl (SD 16.8). The prevalence of a blood glucose concentration of < 47 mg/dl was 2.2% (31/1416): 95% CI 1.2%, 3.9%. The risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia were delayed breastfeeding initiation [adjusted mean difference, − 2.6; 95% CI, − 4.4, − 0.79] and child age of 3 days or less [adjusted mean, − 12.2; 95% CI, − 14.0, − 10.4]. CONCLUSION: The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was low in this community and was predicted by delay in initiating breastfeeding and a child age of 3 days or less. We therefore suggest targeted screening and management of neonatal hypoglycemia among neonates before 3 days of age and those who are delayed in the onset of breastfeeding. BioMed Central 2020-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7640646/ /pubmed/33292804 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00275-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research
Mukunya, David
Odongkara, Beatrice
Piloya, Thereza
Nankabirwa, Victoria
Achora, Vincentina
Batte, Charles
Ditai, James
Tylleskar, Thorkild
Ndeezi, Grace
Kiguli, Sarah
Tumwine, James K.
Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title_full Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title_short Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
title_sort prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in northern uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7640646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33292804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00275-y
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