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Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area
We sequenced the genomes of 5,085 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains causing two coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease waves in metropolitan Houston, TX, an ethnically diverse region with 7 million residents. The genomes were from viruses recovered in the earl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7642679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33127862 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02707-20 |
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author | Long, S. Wesley Olsen, Randall J. Christensen, Paul A. Bernard, David W. Davis, James J. Shukla, Maulik Nguyen, Marcus Saavedra, Matthew Ojeda Yerramilli, Prasanti Pruitt, Layne Subedi, Sishir Kuo, Hung-Che Hendrickson, Heather Eskandari, Ghazaleh Nguyen, Hoang A. T. Long, J. Hunter Kumaraswami, Muthiah Goike, Jule Boutz, Daniel Gollihar, Jimmy McLellan, Jason S. Chou, Chia-Wei Javanmardi, Kamyab Finkelstein, Ilya J. Musser, James M. |
author_facet | Long, S. Wesley Olsen, Randall J. Christensen, Paul A. Bernard, David W. Davis, James J. Shukla, Maulik Nguyen, Marcus Saavedra, Matthew Ojeda Yerramilli, Prasanti Pruitt, Layne Subedi, Sishir Kuo, Hung-Che Hendrickson, Heather Eskandari, Ghazaleh Nguyen, Hoang A. T. Long, J. Hunter Kumaraswami, Muthiah Goike, Jule Boutz, Daniel Gollihar, Jimmy McLellan, Jason S. Chou, Chia-Wei Javanmardi, Kamyab Finkelstein, Ilya J. Musser, James M. |
author_sort | Long, S. Wesley |
collection | PubMed |
description | We sequenced the genomes of 5,085 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains causing two coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease waves in metropolitan Houston, TX, an ethnically diverse region with 7 million residents. The genomes were from viruses recovered in the earliest recognized phase of the pandemic in Houston and from viruses recovered in an ongoing massive second wave of infections. The virus was originally introduced into Houston many times independently. Virtually all strains in the second wave have a Gly614 amino acid replacement in the spike protein, a polymorphism that has been linked to increased transmission and infectivity. Patients infected with the Gly614 variant strains had significantly higher virus loads in the nasopharynx on initial diagnosis. We found little evidence of a significant relationship between virus genotype and altered virulence, stressing the linkage between disease severity, underlying medical conditions, and host genetics. Some regions of the spike protein—the primary target of global vaccine efforts—are replete with amino acid replacements, perhaps indicating the action of selection. We exploited the genomic data to generate defined single amino acid replacements in the receptor binding domain of spike protein that, importantly, produced decreased recognition by the neutralizing monoclonal antibody CR3022. Our report represents the first analysis of the molecular architecture of SARS-CoV-2 in two infection waves in a major metropolitan region. The findings will help us to understand the origin, composition, and trajectory of future infection waves and the potential effect of the host immune response and therapeutic maneuvers on SARS-CoV-2 evolution. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7642679 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76426792020-11-17 Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area Long, S. Wesley Olsen, Randall J. Christensen, Paul A. Bernard, David W. Davis, James J. Shukla, Maulik Nguyen, Marcus Saavedra, Matthew Ojeda Yerramilli, Prasanti Pruitt, Layne Subedi, Sishir Kuo, Hung-Che Hendrickson, Heather Eskandari, Ghazaleh Nguyen, Hoang A. T. Long, J. Hunter Kumaraswami, Muthiah Goike, Jule Boutz, Daniel Gollihar, Jimmy McLellan, Jason S. Chou, Chia-Wei Javanmardi, Kamyab Finkelstein, Ilya J. Musser, James M. mBio Research Article We sequenced the genomes of 5,085 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains causing two coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease waves in metropolitan Houston, TX, an ethnically diverse region with 7 million residents. The genomes were from viruses recovered in the earliest recognized phase of the pandemic in Houston and from viruses recovered in an ongoing massive second wave of infections. The virus was originally introduced into Houston many times independently. Virtually all strains in the second wave have a Gly614 amino acid replacement in the spike protein, a polymorphism that has been linked to increased transmission and infectivity. Patients infected with the Gly614 variant strains had significantly higher virus loads in the nasopharynx on initial diagnosis. We found little evidence of a significant relationship between virus genotype and altered virulence, stressing the linkage between disease severity, underlying medical conditions, and host genetics. Some regions of the spike protein—the primary target of global vaccine efforts—are replete with amino acid replacements, perhaps indicating the action of selection. We exploited the genomic data to generate defined single amino acid replacements in the receptor binding domain of spike protein that, importantly, produced decreased recognition by the neutralizing monoclonal antibody CR3022. Our report represents the first analysis of the molecular architecture of SARS-CoV-2 in two infection waves in a major metropolitan region. The findings will help us to understand the origin, composition, and trajectory of future infection waves and the potential effect of the host immune response and therapeutic maneuvers on SARS-CoV-2 evolution. American Society for Microbiology 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7642679/ /pubmed/33127862 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02707-20 Text en Copyright © 2020 Long et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Long, S. Wesley Olsen, Randall J. Christensen, Paul A. Bernard, David W. Davis, James J. Shukla, Maulik Nguyen, Marcus Saavedra, Matthew Ojeda Yerramilli, Prasanti Pruitt, Layne Subedi, Sishir Kuo, Hung-Che Hendrickson, Heather Eskandari, Ghazaleh Nguyen, Hoang A. T. Long, J. Hunter Kumaraswami, Muthiah Goike, Jule Boutz, Daniel Gollihar, Jimmy McLellan, Jason S. Chou, Chia-Wei Javanmardi, Kamyab Finkelstein, Ilya J. Musser, James M. Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title | Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title_full | Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title_fullStr | Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title_short | Molecular Architecture of Early Dissemination and Massive Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in a Major Metropolitan Area |
title_sort | molecular architecture of early dissemination and massive second wave of the sars-cov-2 virus in a major metropolitan area |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7642679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33127862 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02707-20 |
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