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Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE

Photoreceptors, especially cones, which are enriched in the human macula, have high energy demands, making them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Metabolic dysfunction of photoreceptors and their supporting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an important underlying cause of degenerative retinal disea...

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Autores principales: Li, Bo, Zhang, Ting, Liu, Wei, Wang, Yekai, Xu, Rong, Zeng, Shaoxue, Zhang, Rui, Zhu, Siyan, Gillies, Mark C., Zhu, Ling, Du, Jianhai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7644940/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33196018
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101672
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author Li, Bo
Zhang, Ting
Liu, Wei
Wang, Yekai
Xu, Rong
Zeng, Shaoxue
Zhang, Rui
Zhu, Siyan
Gillies, Mark C.
Zhu, Ling
Du, Jianhai
author_facet Li, Bo
Zhang, Ting
Liu, Wei
Wang, Yekai
Xu, Rong
Zeng, Shaoxue
Zhang, Rui
Zhu, Siyan
Gillies, Mark C.
Zhu, Ling
Du, Jianhai
author_sort Li, Bo
collection PubMed
description Photoreceptors, especially cones, which are enriched in the human macula, have high energy demands, making them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Metabolic dysfunction of photoreceptors and their supporting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an important underlying cause of degenerative retinal diseases. However, how cones and the macula support their exorbitant metabolic demand and communicate with RPE is unclear. By profiling metabolite uptake and release and analyzing metabolic genes, we have found cone-rich retinas and human macula share specific metabolic features with upregulated pathways in pyruvate metabolism, mitochondrial TCA cycle, and lipid synthesis. Human neural retina and RPE have distinct but complementary metabolic features. Retinal metabolism centers on NADH production and neurotransmitter biosynthesis. The retina needs aspartate to sustain its aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism. RPE metabolism is directed toward NADPH production and biosynthesis of acetyl-rich metabolites, serine, and others. RPE consumes multiple nutrients, including proline, to produce metabolites for the retina.
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spelling pubmed-76449402020-11-13 Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE Li, Bo Zhang, Ting Liu, Wei Wang, Yekai Xu, Rong Zeng, Shaoxue Zhang, Rui Zhu, Siyan Gillies, Mark C. Zhu, Ling Du, Jianhai iScience Article Photoreceptors, especially cones, which are enriched in the human macula, have high energy demands, making them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Metabolic dysfunction of photoreceptors and their supporting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an important underlying cause of degenerative retinal diseases. However, how cones and the macula support their exorbitant metabolic demand and communicate with RPE is unclear. By profiling metabolite uptake and release and analyzing metabolic genes, we have found cone-rich retinas and human macula share specific metabolic features with upregulated pathways in pyruvate metabolism, mitochondrial TCA cycle, and lipid synthesis. Human neural retina and RPE have distinct but complementary metabolic features. Retinal metabolism centers on NADH production and neurotransmitter biosynthesis. The retina needs aspartate to sustain its aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism. RPE metabolism is directed toward NADPH production and biosynthesis of acetyl-rich metabolites, serine, and others. RPE consumes multiple nutrients, including proline, to produce metabolites for the retina. Elsevier 2020-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7644940/ /pubmed/33196018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101672 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Bo
Zhang, Ting
Liu, Wei
Wang, Yekai
Xu, Rong
Zeng, Shaoxue
Zhang, Rui
Zhu, Siyan
Gillies, Mark C.
Zhu, Ling
Du, Jianhai
Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title_full Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title_fullStr Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title_short Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
title_sort metabolic features of mouse and human retinas: rods versus cones, macula versus periphery, retina versus rpe
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7644940/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33196018
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101672
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