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Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults

Introduction  Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States (US) and the prevalence continues to increase. It is estimated that there is an average of 25 attempted suicides for every suicide death in the US, and the economic burden of suicide and attempted suicide is high. Identifi...

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Autores principales: Oladunjoye, Adeolu O, Oladunjoye, Olubunmi O, Ayeni, Oluwatosin A, Olubiyi, Oluwatoyin, Fuchs, Anna, Gurski, John, Yee, Maria Ruiza, Espiridion, Eduardo D
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7645303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33173636
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10830
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author Oladunjoye, Adeolu O
Oladunjoye, Olubunmi O
Ayeni, Oluwatosin A
Olubiyi, Oluwatoyin
Fuchs, Anna
Gurski, John
Yee, Maria Ruiza
Espiridion, Eduardo D
author_facet Oladunjoye, Adeolu O
Oladunjoye, Olubunmi O
Ayeni, Oluwatosin A
Olubiyi, Oluwatoyin
Fuchs, Anna
Gurski, John
Yee, Maria Ruiza
Espiridion, Eduardo D
author_sort Oladunjoye, Adeolu O
collection PubMed
description Introduction  Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States (US) and the prevalence continues to increase. It is estimated that there is an average of 25 attempted suicides for every suicide death in the US, and the economic burden of suicide and attempted suicide is high. Identification of those at risk for suicide and attempted suicide can help with early and prompt intervention. Studies in Europe and Asia have shown that there is a relationship between seasonal patterns and suicidal risk. However, little is known about seasonal patterns of suicidal attempts in the US. Therefore, our study aimed to assess seasonal patterns by days of the week and months of the year in the US. Methods Hospitalized adult patients with suicide attempts and self-inflicted injury were identified using the discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014. We looked at the seasonal trends of patients with attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury by weekday vs weekend and month of the year over the five-year study period. We also assessed two groups, male and female with attempted suicide and compared trends and contributing risk factors over the study period using Student’s t-test and chi-square test. Results A total of 249,845 patients with attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury were reported during the study period with a prevalence rate increase of 15%, among which 70% were males, 65.5% white and 38.8% were age 40-64 years. An overall prevalence rate of about 168-200 per 100,000 hospitalizations was reported. There was a higher admission rate on weekends as compared to weekdays (190-300 vs 150-178 per 100,000 hospitalizations). Attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury admissions peaked during the months of July and August with a peak period range of 200-230 per 100,000 hospitalizations in a year. Conclusion The prevalence of attempted suicide is steadily rising. Awareness of the seasonal and epidemiological trends of attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury is a very important step towards developing effective strategies to prevent suicide and attempted suicide.
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spelling pubmed-76453032020-11-09 Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults Oladunjoye, Adeolu O Oladunjoye, Olubunmi O Ayeni, Oluwatosin A Olubiyi, Oluwatoyin Fuchs, Anna Gurski, John Yee, Maria Ruiza Espiridion, Eduardo D Cureus Psychiatry Introduction  Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States (US) and the prevalence continues to increase. It is estimated that there is an average of 25 attempted suicides for every suicide death in the US, and the economic burden of suicide and attempted suicide is high. Identification of those at risk for suicide and attempted suicide can help with early and prompt intervention. Studies in Europe and Asia have shown that there is a relationship between seasonal patterns and suicidal risk. However, little is known about seasonal patterns of suicidal attempts in the US. Therefore, our study aimed to assess seasonal patterns by days of the week and months of the year in the US. Methods Hospitalized adult patients with suicide attempts and self-inflicted injury were identified using the discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014. We looked at the seasonal trends of patients with attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury by weekday vs weekend and month of the year over the five-year study period. We also assessed two groups, male and female with attempted suicide and compared trends and contributing risk factors over the study period using Student’s t-test and chi-square test. Results A total of 249,845 patients with attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury were reported during the study period with a prevalence rate increase of 15%, among which 70% were males, 65.5% white and 38.8% were age 40-64 years. An overall prevalence rate of about 168-200 per 100,000 hospitalizations was reported. There was a higher admission rate on weekends as compared to weekdays (190-300 vs 150-178 per 100,000 hospitalizations). Attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury admissions peaked during the months of July and August with a peak period range of 200-230 per 100,000 hospitalizations in a year. Conclusion The prevalence of attempted suicide is steadily rising. Awareness of the seasonal and epidemiological trends of attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury is a very important step towards developing effective strategies to prevent suicide and attempted suicide. Cureus 2020-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7645303/ /pubmed/33173636 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10830 Text en Copyright © 2020, Oladunjoye et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Oladunjoye, Adeolu O
Oladunjoye, Olubunmi O
Ayeni, Oluwatosin A
Olubiyi, Oluwatoyin
Fuchs, Anna
Gurski, John
Yee, Maria Ruiza
Espiridion, Eduardo D
Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title_full Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title_fullStr Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title_short Seasonal Trends in Hospitalization of Attempted Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injury in United States Adults
title_sort seasonal trends in hospitalization of attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury in united states adults
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7645303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33173636
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10830
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