Total accepted phenolic, tannin, triterpenoid, flavonoid and sterol contents, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of Tectaria paradoxa (Fee.) Sledge

The present study was aimed to reveal the phytochemical composition and bio potentials of Tectaria paradoxa (Fee.) Sledge. The total phenolic, tannin, flavonoid, terpenoids, sterols content were determined. RBC membrane stabilization against heat induced haemolysis, In-vitro Alpha-amylase inhibitory assay and Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay was performed to determine the anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and cytotoxic activity. Among the tested extracts, methanolic extracts of T. paradoxa showed high amount of phenolics 351.43 ± 14.5 mg GAE/g, tannin 34.38 ± 1.02 mg GAE/g, flavonoids 1384.44 ± 50.92 mg QE/g, triterpenoids 130.5 ± 2.77 mg/g and acetone extracts of T. paradoxa displayed maximum amount of sterols 3.2 ± 0.2 mg/g. The extracts of T. paradoxa demonstrated dose dependent anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and cytotoxic activities. The anti-inflammatory activity of the T. paradoxa were as follows methanol > chloroform > acetone > petroleum ether. The anti-diabetic properties of the T. paradoxa were as follows methanol > acetone > chloroform > petroleum ether. The cytotoxicity of the T. paradoxa were as follows chloroform (LC(50) = 25.52 μg/mL) > petroleum ether (LC(50) = 36.99 μg/mL) > methanol (LC(50) = 44.26 μg/mL) > acetone (LC(50) = 55.9 μg/mL). The existence of phenolics, tannin, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenoids may be responsible for the observed biological activities. The results of the present study identified the pool of medicinal properties existence in T. paradoxa. Further studies on the isolation of active principles may bring out an alternative source for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drugs from T. paradoxa.