Selection criteria and match results for postgraduate residency programs: A cross-sectional model from a major academic center in Jordan

BACKGROUND: With the continuous uptrend in the number of medical student graduates and the limited availability of postgraduate residency positions, the process of selecting the most appropriately qualified candidates to fill these positions remains challenging. This necessitates implementing objectively measured, distinguishing, and transparent selection process. The purpose of this study is to share our model of single-center resident selection for postgraduate residency programs to serve as a guide for other institutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the process of residency program selection at our institution. Data were collected about the application process, demographic characteristics, medical school location and GPA, entry exam score, requested specialties, and match results. The proposed selection criteria and their association with the match results were reported. Factors associated with matching with the first two selections were analyzed. RESULTS: 785 physicians applied to fill 96 positions at nineteen residency programs. 443 (56%) were males, 686 (87%) graduated from Jordanian medical schools. Half failed the entry exam and were excluded from competition. Seventy-two out of 96 (75%) matched with either of their first two requested specialties. The highest-in-demand programs were ophthalmology, otolaryngology and dermatology. Although a GPA of more than 80% increased the likelihood of matching with the top two requested specialties, an entry exam score of more than 70% was the main determining factor (AOR 8.7, 95% C.I. 2.4, 31.9). CONCLUSIONS: The selection process for postgraduate residency programs is highly competitive. To avoid selection bias, transparent and objectively measured criteria are applied in the selection model. Clinical performance and medical knowledge reflected by the cumulative GPA and entry exam score are the most significant determinants for acceptance.