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Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements
Many prokaryotes employ CRISPR–Cas systems to combat invading mobile genetic elements (MGEs). In response, some MGEs have developed strategies to bypass immunity, including anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins; yet the diversity, distribution and spectrum of activity of this immune evasion strategy remain lar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7648647/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33159058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19415-3 |
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author | Pinilla-Redondo, Rafael Shehreen, Saadlee Marino, Nicole D. Fagerlund, Robert D. Brown, Chris M. Sørensen, Søren J. Fineran, Peter C. Bondy-Denomy, Joseph |
author_facet | Pinilla-Redondo, Rafael Shehreen, Saadlee Marino, Nicole D. Fagerlund, Robert D. Brown, Chris M. Sørensen, Søren J. Fineran, Peter C. Bondy-Denomy, Joseph |
author_sort | Pinilla-Redondo, Rafael |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many prokaryotes employ CRISPR–Cas systems to combat invading mobile genetic elements (MGEs). In response, some MGEs have developed strategies to bypass immunity, including anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins; yet the diversity, distribution and spectrum of activity of this immune evasion strategy remain largely unknown. Here, we report the discovery of new Acrs by assaying candidate genes adjacent to a conserved Acr-associated (Aca) gene, aca5, against a panel of six type I systems: I–F (Pseudomonas, Pectobacterium, and Serratia), I–E (Pseudomonas and Serratia), and I–C (Pseudomonas). We uncover 11 type I–F and/or I–E anti-CRISPR genes encoded on chromosomal and extrachromosomal MGEs within Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas, and an additional Aca (aca9). The acr genes not only associate with other acr genes, but also with genes encoding inhibitors of distinct bacterial defense systems. Thus, our findings highlight the potential exploitation of acr loci neighborhoods for the identification of previously undescribed anti-defense systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7648647 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76486472020-11-10 Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements Pinilla-Redondo, Rafael Shehreen, Saadlee Marino, Nicole D. Fagerlund, Robert D. Brown, Chris M. Sørensen, Søren J. Fineran, Peter C. Bondy-Denomy, Joseph Nat Commun Article Many prokaryotes employ CRISPR–Cas systems to combat invading mobile genetic elements (MGEs). In response, some MGEs have developed strategies to bypass immunity, including anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins; yet the diversity, distribution and spectrum of activity of this immune evasion strategy remain largely unknown. Here, we report the discovery of new Acrs by assaying candidate genes adjacent to a conserved Acr-associated (Aca) gene, aca5, against a panel of six type I systems: I–F (Pseudomonas, Pectobacterium, and Serratia), I–E (Pseudomonas and Serratia), and I–C (Pseudomonas). We uncover 11 type I–F and/or I–E anti-CRISPR genes encoded on chromosomal and extrachromosomal MGEs within Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas, and an additional Aca (aca9). The acr genes not only associate with other acr genes, but also with genes encoding inhibitors of distinct bacterial defense systems. Thus, our findings highlight the potential exploitation of acr loci neighborhoods for the identification of previously undescribed anti-defense systems. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7648647/ /pubmed/33159058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19415-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Pinilla-Redondo, Rafael Shehreen, Saadlee Marino, Nicole D. Fagerlund, Robert D. Brown, Chris M. Sørensen, Søren J. Fineran, Peter C. Bondy-Denomy, Joseph Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title | Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title_full | Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title_fullStr | Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title_full_unstemmed | Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title_short | Discovery of multiple anti-CRISPRs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
title_sort | discovery of multiple anti-crisprs highlights anti-defense gene clustering in mobile genetic elements |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7648647/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33159058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19415-3 |
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