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Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs
This study evaluates the effect of combined epidural electrical stimulation (EES) applied above (C5) and below (L2) the spinal cord injury (SCI) at T8–9 combined with motor training on the restoration of sensorimotor function in mini pigs. The motor evoked potentials (MEP) induced by EES applied at...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7650717/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100744 |
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author | Fadeev, Filip Eremeev, Anton Bashirov, Farid Shevchenko, Roman Izmailov, Andrei Markosyan, Vage Sokolov, Mikhail Kalistratova, Julia Khalitova, Anastasiia Garifulin, Ravil Islamov, Rustem Lavrov, Igor |
author_facet | Fadeev, Filip Eremeev, Anton Bashirov, Farid Shevchenko, Roman Izmailov, Andrei Markosyan, Vage Sokolov, Mikhail Kalistratova, Julia Khalitova, Anastasiia Garifulin, Ravil Islamov, Rustem Lavrov, Igor |
author_sort | Fadeev, Filip |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study evaluates the effect of combined epidural electrical stimulation (EES) applied above (C5) and below (L2) the spinal cord injury (SCI) at T8–9 combined with motor training on the restoration of sensorimotor function in mini pigs. The motor evoked potentials (MEP) induced by EES applied at C5 and L2 levels were recorded in soleus muscles before and two weeks after SCI. EES treatment started two weeks after SCI and continued for 6 weeks led to improvement in multiple metrics, including behavioral, electrophysiological, and joint kinematics outcomes. In control animals after SCI a multiphasic M-response was observed during M/H-response testing, while animals received EES-enable training demonstrated the restoration of the M-response and H-reflex, although at a lower amplitude. The joint kinematic and assessment with Porcine Thoracic Injury Behavior scale (PTIBS) motor recovery scale demonstrated improvement in animals that received EES-enable training compared to animals with no treatment. The positive effect of two-level (cervical and lumbar) epidural electrical stimulation on functional restoration in mini pigs following spinal cord contusion injury in mini pigs could be related with facilitation of spinal circuitry at both levels and activation of multisegmental coordination. This approach can be taken as a basis for the future development of neuromodulation and neurorehabilitation therapy for patients with spinal cord injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7650717 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76507172020-11-10 Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs Fadeev, Filip Eremeev, Anton Bashirov, Farid Shevchenko, Roman Izmailov, Andrei Markosyan, Vage Sokolov, Mikhail Kalistratova, Julia Khalitova, Anastasiia Garifulin, Ravil Islamov, Rustem Lavrov, Igor Brain Sci Article This study evaluates the effect of combined epidural electrical stimulation (EES) applied above (C5) and below (L2) the spinal cord injury (SCI) at T8–9 combined with motor training on the restoration of sensorimotor function in mini pigs. The motor evoked potentials (MEP) induced by EES applied at C5 and L2 levels were recorded in soleus muscles before and two weeks after SCI. EES treatment started two weeks after SCI and continued for 6 weeks led to improvement in multiple metrics, including behavioral, electrophysiological, and joint kinematics outcomes. In control animals after SCI a multiphasic M-response was observed during M/H-response testing, while animals received EES-enable training demonstrated the restoration of the M-response and H-reflex, although at a lower amplitude. The joint kinematic and assessment with Porcine Thoracic Injury Behavior scale (PTIBS) motor recovery scale demonstrated improvement in animals that received EES-enable training compared to animals with no treatment. The positive effect of two-level (cervical and lumbar) epidural electrical stimulation on functional restoration in mini pigs following spinal cord contusion injury in mini pigs could be related with facilitation of spinal circuitry at both levels and activation of multisegmental coordination. This approach can be taken as a basis for the future development of neuromodulation and neurorehabilitation therapy for patients with spinal cord injury. MDPI 2020-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7650717/ /pubmed/33081405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100744 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Fadeev, Filip Eremeev, Anton Bashirov, Farid Shevchenko, Roman Izmailov, Andrei Markosyan, Vage Sokolov, Mikhail Kalistratova, Julia Khalitova, Anastasiia Garifulin, Ravil Islamov, Rustem Lavrov, Igor Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title | Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title_full | Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title_fullStr | Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title_short | Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs |
title_sort | combined supra- and sub-lesional epidural electrical stimulation for restoration of the motor functions after spinal cord injury in mini pigs |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7650717/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100744 |
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