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Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

In March of this year, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, and it continues to threaten public health. This global health crisis imposes limitations on daily movements, which have deteriorated every sector in our society. Understanding public reactions to the virus and the non-pharmaceutical intervent...

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Autores principales: Lee, Minha, Zhao, Jun, Sun, Qianqian, Pan, Yixuan, Zhou, Weiyi, Xiong, Chenfeng, Zhang, Lei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7652287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33166301
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241468
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author Lee, Minha
Zhao, Jun
Sun, Qianqian
Pan, Yixuan
Zhou, Weiyi
Xiong, Chenfeng
Zhang, Lei
author_facet Lee, Minha
Zhao, Jun
Sun, Qianqian
Pan, Yixuan
Zhou, Weiyi
Xiong, Chenfeng
Zhang, Lei
author_sort Lee, Minha
collection PubMed
description In March of this year, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, and it continues to threaten public health. This global health crisis imposes limitations on daily movements, which have deteriorated every sector in our society. Understanding public reactions to the virus and the non-pharmaceutical interventions should be of great help to fight COVID-19 in a strategic way. We aim to provide tangible evidence of the human mobility trends by comparing the day-by-day variations across the U.S. from January 2020 to early April 2020. Large-scale public mobility at an aggregated level is observed by leveraging mobile device location data and the measures related to social distancing. Our study captures spatial and temporal heterogeneity as well as the sociodemographic variations and teleworking trends regarding the pandemic propagation and the non-pharmaceutical mobility interventions. All metrics adapted capture decreased public movements after the national emergency declaration. The population staying home has increased in all states before the stay-at-home mandates implemented and becomes more stable after the order with a smaller range of fluctuation. The public had been taking active responses, voluntarily staying home more, to the in-state confirmed cases while the stay-at-home orders stabilize the variations. As the estimated teleworking rates also continue to incline throughout the study period, the teleworking trend can be another driving factor for the growing stay-at-home population. We confirm that there exists overall mobility heterogeneity between the income or population density groups. The study suggests that public mobility trends are in line with the government message urging to stay home. We anticipate our data-driven analysis offers integrated perspectives and serves as evidence to raise public awareness and, consequently, reinforce the importance of social distancing while assisting policymakers.
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spelling pubmed-76522872020-11-18 Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Lee, Minha Zhao, Jun Sun, Qianqian Pan, Yixuan Zhou, Weiyi Xiong, Chenfeng Zhang, Lei PLoS One Research Article In March of this year, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, and it continues to threaten public health. This global health crisis imposes limitations on daily movements, which have deteriorated every sector in our society. Understanding public reactions to the virus and the non-pharmaceutical interventions should be of great help to fight COVID-19 in a strategic way. We aim to provide tangible evidence of the human mobility trends by comparing the day-by-day variations across the U.S. from January 2020 to early April 2020. Large-scale public mobility at an aggregated level is observed by leveraging mobile device location data and the measures related to social distancing. Our study captures spatial and temporal heterogeneity as well as the sociodemographic variations and teleworking trends regarding the pandemic propagation and the non-pharmaceutical mobility interventions. All metrics adapted capture decreased public movements after the national emergency declaration. The population staying home has increased in all states before the stay-at-home mandates implemented and becomes more stable after the order with a smaller range of fluctuation. The public had been taking active responses, voluntarily staying home more, to the in-state confirmed cases while the stay-at-home orders stabilize the variations. As the estimated teleworking rates also continue to incline throughout the study period, the teleworking trend can be another driving factor for the growing stay-at-home population. We confirm that there exists overall mobility heterogeneity between the income or population density groups. The study suggests that public mobility trends are in line with the government message urging to stay home. We anticipate our data-driven analysis offers integrated perspectives and serves as evidence to raise public awareness and, consequently, reinforce the importance of social distancing while assisting policymakers. Public Library of Science 2020-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7652287/ /pubmed/33166301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241468 Text en © 2020 Lee et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lee, Minha
Zhao, Jun
Sun, Qianqian
Pan, Yixuan
Zhou, Weiyi
Xiong, Chenfeng
Zhang, Lei
Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title_full Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title_fullStr Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title_full_unstemmed Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title_short Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
title_sort human mobility trends during the early stage of the covid-19 pandemic in the united states
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7652287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33166301
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241468
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