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Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study

Improving cardiovascular fitness may buffer against age-related cognitive decline and mitigate dementia risk by staving off brain atrophy. However, it is unclear if such effects reflect factors operating in childhood (neuroselection) or adulthood (neuroprotection). Using data from 807 members of the...

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Autores principales: d’Arbeloff, Tracy, Cooke, Megan, Knodt, Annchen R., Sison, Maria, Melzer, Tracy R., Ireland, David, Poulton, Richie, Ramrakha, Sandhya, Moffitt, Terrie E., Caspi, Avshalom, Hariri, Ahmad R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Impact Journals 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7655208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33082296
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.104112
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author d’Arbeloff, Tracy
Cooke, Megan
Knodt, Annchen R.
Sison, Maria
Melzer, Tracy R.
Ireland, David
Poulton, Richie
Ramrakha, Sandhya
Moffitt, Terrie E.
Caspi, Avshalom
Hariri, Ahmad R.
author_facet d’Arbeloff, Tracy
Cooke, Megan
Knodt, Annchen R.
Sison, Maria
Melzer, Tracy R.
Ireland, David
Poulton, Richie
Ramrakha, Sandhya
Moffitt, Terrie E.
Caspi, Avshalom
Hariri, Ahmad R.
author_sort d’Arbeloff, Tracy
collection PubMed
description Improving cardiovascular fitness may buffer against age-related cognitive decline and mitigate dementia risk by staving off brain atrophy. However, it is unclear if such effects reflect factors operating in childhood (neuroselection) or adulthood (neuroprotection). Using data from 807 members of the Dunedin Study, a population-representative birth cohort, we investigated associations between cardiovascular fitness and structural brain integrity at age 45, and the extent to which associations reflected possible neuroselection or neuroprotection by controlling for childhood IQ. Higher fitness, as indexed by VO(2)Max, was not associated with average cortical thickness, total surface area, or subcortical gray matter volume including the hippocampus. However, higher fitness was associated with thicker cortex in prefrontal and temporal regions as well as greater cerebellar gray matter volume. Higher fitness was also associated with decreased hippocampal fissure volume. These associations were unaffected by the inclusion of childhood IQ in analyses. In contrast, a higher rate of decline in cardiovascular fitness from 26 to 45 years was not robustly associated with structural brain integrity. Our findings are consistent with a neuroprotective account of adult cardiovascular fitness but suggest that effects are not uniformly observed across the brain and reflect contemporaneous fitness more so than decline over time.
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spelling pubmed-76552082020-11-19 Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study d’Arbeloff, Tracy Cooke, Megan Knodt, Annchen R. Sison, Maria Melzer, Tracy R. Ireland, David Poulton, Richie Ramrakha, Sandhya Moffitt, Terrie E. Caspi, Avshalom Hariri, Ahmad R. Aging (Albany NY) Research Paper Improving cardiovascular fitness may buffer against age-related cognitive decline and mitigate dementia risk by staving off brain atrophy. However, it is unclear if such effects reflect factors operating in childhood (neuroselection) or adulthood (neuroprotection). Using data from 807 members of the Dunedin Study, a population-representative birth cohort, we investigated associations between cardiovascular fitness and structural brain integrity at age 45, and the extent to which associations reflected possible neuroselection or neuroprotection by controlling for childhood IQ. Higher fitness, as indexed by VO(2)Max, was not associated with average cortical thickness, total surface area, or subcortical gray matter volume including the hippocampus. However, higher fitness was associated with thicker cortex in prefrontal and temporal regions as well as greater cerebellar gray matter volume. Higher fitness was also associated with decreased hippocampal fissure volume. These associations were unaffected by the inclusion of childhood IQ in analyses. In contrast, a higher rate of decline in cardiovascular fitness from 26 to 45 years was not robustly associated with structural brain integrity. Our findings are consistent with a neuroprotective account of adult cardiovascular fitness but suggest that effects are not uniformly observed across the brain and reflect contemporaneous fitness more so than decline over time. Impact Journals 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7655208/ /pubmed/33082296 http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.104112 Text en Copyright: © 2020 d’Arbeloff et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
d’Arbeloff, Tracy
Cooke, Megan
Knodt, Annchen R.
Sison, Maria
Melzer, Tracy R.
Ireland, David
Poulton, Richie
Ramrakha, Sandhya
Moffitt, Terrie E.
Caspi, Avshalom
Hariri, Ahmad R.
Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title_full Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title_fullStr Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title_short Is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? Evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
title_sort is cardiovascular fitness associated with structural brain integrity in midlife? evidence from a population-representative birth cohort study
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7655208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33082296
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.104112
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