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Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater

Qatar has the third-largest natural gas reserves in the world and is the second largest Liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter in the world. These reserves are mainly located in its offshore North Field where the gas is extracted, transported to the onshore units, and is converted to LNG for internati...

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Autores principales: Qureshi, M. F., Khraisheh, M., AlMomani, F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7655815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33173116
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76443-1
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author Qureshi, M. F.
Khraisheh, M.
AlMomani, F.
author_facet Qureshi, M. F.
Khraisheh, M.
AlMomani, F.
author_sort Qureshi, M. F.
collection PubMed
description Qatar has the third-largest natural gas reserves in the world and is the second largest Liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter in the world. These reserves are mainly located in its offshore North Field where the gas is extracted, transported to the onshore units, and is converted to LNG for international export. The formation of natural gas hydrates in the offshore subsea lines can cause unwanted blockages and hinder the smooth supply of gas supply from offshore to onshore units. In the present work, the formation and dissociation of methane gas hydrates have been studied in the ultra pure water system (UPW), artificial seawater (ASW), and Qatar seawater (QSW) at different conditions (4–10 MPa) using standard rocking cell rig. The naturally occurring seawater was collected from Ras Laffan seacoast located in Doha, Qatar. The seawater sample was examined for elemental analysis (SO(4), Cl, Na, Ca, Mg, K, and Fe) using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) technique and its other properties like density, electrical conductivity, and pH were also measured. The experimental results show that the CH(4) pure water HLVE curve is suppressed by about 3 K in Qatar seawater and 2 K in artificial seawater. The hydrate inhibition strength of the Ionic liquids (ILs) salts 3-Ethyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium methane-sulfonate [C(7)H(14)N(2)O(3)S] and 3-Ethyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanoazanide [C(8)H(11)N(5)] was evaluated in both the ultra pure water and Qatar seawater systems. Their performance was compared with methanol and other ILs salts reported in the literature. The selected ILs exhibited poor hydrate inhibition effect in the ultra pure water systems, but they show a noticeable thermodynamic and kinetic hydrate inhibition effect in the Qatar seawater system. The computational 3D molecular models of ILs and methanol were generated to cognize the plausible hydrate inhibition mechanism in the presence of these inhibitors.
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spelling pubmed-76558152020-11-12 Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater Qureshi, M. F. Khraisheh, M. AlMomani, F. Sci Rep Article Qatar has the third-largest natural gas reserves in the world and is the second largest Liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter in the world. These reserves are mainly located in its offshore North Field where the gas is extracted, transported to the onshore units, and is converted to LNG for international export. The formation of natural gas hydrates in the offshore subsea lines can cause unwanted blockages and hinder the smooth supply of gas supply from offshore to onshore units. In the present work, the formation and dissociation of methane gas hydrates have been studied in the ultra pure water system (UPW), artificial seawater (ASW), and Qatar seawater (QSW) at different conditions (4–10 MPa) using standard rocking cell rig. The naturally occurring seawater was collected from Ras Laffan seacoast located in Doha, Qatar. The seawater sample was examined for elemental analysis (SO(4), Cl, Na, Ca, Mg, K, and Fe) using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) technique and its other properties like density, electrical conductivity, and pH were also measured. The experimental results show that the CH(4) pure water HLVE curve is suppressed by about 3 K in Qatar seawater and 2 K in artificial seawater. The hydrate inhibition strength of the Ionic liquids (ILs) salts 3-Ethyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium methane-sulfonate [C(7)H(14)N(2)O(3)S] and 3-Ethyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanoazanide [C(8)H(11)N(5)] was evaluated in both the ultra pure water and Qatar seawater systems. Their performance was compared with methanol and other ILs salts reported in the literature. The selected ILs exhibited poor hydrate inhibition effect in the ultra pure water systems, but they show a noticeable thermodynamic and kinetic hydrate inhibition effect in the Qatar seawater system. The computational 3D molecular models of ILs and methanol were generated to cognize the plausible hydrate inhibition mechanism in the presence of these inhibitors. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7655815/ /pubmed/33173116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76443-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Qureshi, M. F.
Khraisheh, M.
AlMomani, F.
Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title_full Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title_fullStr Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title_full_unstemmed Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title_short Experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in Qatar’s seawater
title_sort experimentally measured methane hydrate phase equilibria and ionic liquids inhibition performance in qatar’s seawater
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7655815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33173116
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76443-1
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