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A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Nanoparticles (NPs) have become an important field of research over the past several decades with applications in various sectors, such as biomedical, cosmetic, food and many others, because of their unique characteristics. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has been preferred because of the natur...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sharma, Rajat, Garg, Rajni, Kumari, Avnesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7658464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33192216
http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2020-2842
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author Sharma, Rajat
Garg, Rajni
Kumari, Avnesh
author_facet Sharma, Rajat
Garg, Rajni
Kumari, Avnesh
author_sort Sharma, Rajat
collection PubMed
description Nanoparticles (NPs) have become an important field of research over the past several decades with applications in various sectors, such as biomedical, cosmetic, food and many others, because of their unique characteristics. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has been preferred because of the naturally occurring reductants present in biological systems that decreases exposure to toxic chemicals compared with physico-chemical methods and is eco-friendly. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs exhibit broad and potential applications in different fields with their specific characteristics such as surface area, size, shape, low toxicity, optical properties, high binding energy and large band gap. This paper focuses on the bio-synthesis of ZnO NPs by utilizing extracts of different plant parts (stem, flower, fruit, peel, and leaves) through efficient, economical, simple, pure, and eco-friendly green routes. In this process, zinc salts have been used as precursor and phytochemicals in the plant extract reduce the metal salt to lower oxidation state as well as stabilize the ZnO NPs. The morphological and physico-chemical properties of obtained NPs analyzed by various characterization techniques have been discoursed. Further, antimicrobial activity and potential photocatalytic application in terms of the degradation of dyes have also been reviewed in addition to the toxicity aspects of these NPs on human beings and animals.
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spelling pubmed-76584642020-11-12 A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles Sharma, Rajat Garg, Rajni Kumari, Avnesh EXCLI J Review Article Nanoparticles (NPs) have become an important field of research over the past several decades with applications in various sectors, such as biomedical, cosmetic, food and many others, because of their unique characteristics. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has been preferred because of the naturally occurring reductants present in biological systems that decreases exposure to toxic chemicals compared with physico-chemical methods and is eco-friendly. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs exhibit broad and potential applications in different fields with their specific characteristics such as surface area, size, shape, low toxicity, optical properties, high binding energy and large band gap. This paper focuses on the bio-synthesis of ZnO NPs by utilizing extracts of different plant parts (stem, flower, fruit, peel, and leaves) through efficient, economical, simple, pure, and eco-friendly green routes. In this process, zinc salts have been used as precursor and phytochemicals in the plant extract reduce the metal salt to lower oxidation state as well as stabilize the ZnO NPs. The morphological and physico-chemical properties of obtained NPs analyzed by various characterization techniques have been discoursed. Further, antimicrobial activity and potential photocatalytic application in terms of the degradation of dyes have also been reviewed in addition to the toxicity aspects of these NPs on human beings and animals. Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors 2020-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7658464/ /pubmed/33192216 http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2020-2842 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sharma et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Sharma, Rajat
Garg, Rajni
Kumari, Avnesh
A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title_full A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title_fullStr A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title_short A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
title_sort review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7658464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33192216
http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2020-2842
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