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Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm

ABSTRACT: Individuals born extremely preterm are at significant risk for impaired neurodevelopment. After discharge from the neonatal intensive care, associations between the child’s well-being and factors in the home and social environment become increasingly apparent. Mothers’ prenatal health and...

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Autores principales: Bangma, Jacqueline T., Hartwell, Hadley, Santos, Hudson P., O’Shea, T. Michael, Fry, Rebecca C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group US 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7658618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33184498
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01236-1
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author Bangma, Jacqueline T.
Hartwell, Hadley
Santos, Hudson P.
O’Shea, T. Michael
Fry, Rebecca C.
author_facet Bangma, Jacqueline T.
Hartwell, Hadley
Santos, Hudson P.
O’Shea, T. Michael
Fry, Rebecca C.
author_sort Bangma, Jacqueline T.
collection PubMed
description ABSTRACT: Individuals born extremely preterm are at significant risk for impaired neurodevelopment. After discharge from the neonatal intensive care, associations between the child’s well-being and factors in the home and social environment become increasingly apparent. Mothers’ prenatal health and socioeconomic status are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, and emotional and behavioral problems. Research on early life risk factors and on mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life can inform the design of personalized approaches to prevention. Here, we review early life predictors of inter-individual differences in later life neurodevelopment among those born extremely preterm. Among biological mechanisms that mediate relationships between early life predictors and later neurodevelopmental outcomes, we highlight evidence for disrupted placental processes and regulated at least in part via epigenetic mechanisms, as well as perinatal inflammation. In relation to these mechanisms, we focus on four prenatal antecedents of impaired neurodevelopment, namely, (1) fetal growth restriction, (2) maternal obesity, (3) placental microorganisms, and (4) socioeconomic adversity. In the future, this knowledge may inform efforts to detect and prevent adverse outcomes in infants born extremely preterm. IMPACT: This review highlights early life risk factors and mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life. The review emphasizes research on early life risk factors (fetal growth restriction, maternal obesity, placental microorganisms, and socioeconomic adversity) and on mechanisms (disrupted placental processes and perinatal inflammation) underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life. The findings highlighted here may inform efforts to detect and prevent adverse outcomes in infants born extremely preterm.
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spelling pubmed-76586182020-11-12 Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm Bangma, Jacqueline T. Hartwell, Hadley Santos, Hudson P. O’Shea, T. Michael Fry, Rebecca C. Pediatr Res Review Article ABSTRACT: Individuals born extremely preterm are at significant risk for impaired neurodevelopment. After discharge from the neonatal intensive care, associations between the child’s well-being and factors in the home and social environment become increasingly apparent. Mothers’ prenatal health and socioeconomic status are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, and emotional and behavioral problems. Research on early life risk factors and on mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life can inform the design of personalized approaches to prevention. Here, we review early life predictors of inter-individual differences in later life neurodevelopment among those born extremely preterm. Among biological mechanisms that mediate relationships between early life predictors and later neurodevelopmental outcomes, we highlight evidence for disrupted placental processes and regulated at least in part via epigenetic mechanisms, as well as perinatal inflammation. In relation to these mechanisms, we focus on four prenatal antecedents of impaired neurodevelopment, namely, (1) fetal growth restriction, (2) maternal obesity, (3) placental microorganisms, and (4) socioeconomic adversity. In the future, this knowledge may inform efforts to detect and prevent adverse outcomes in infants born extremely preterm. IMPACT: This review highlights early life risk factors and mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life. The review emphasizes research on early life risk factors (fetal growth restriction, maternal obesity, placental microorganisms, and socioeconomic adversity) and on mechanisms (disrupted placental processes and perinatal inflammation) underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life. The findings highlighted here may inform efforts to detect and prevent adverse outcomes in infants born extremely preterm. Nature Publishing Group US 2020-11-12 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC7658618/ /pubmed/33184498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01236-1 Text en © International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc 2020 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Review Article
Bangma, Jacqueline T.
Hartwell, Hadley
Santos, Hudson P.
O’Shea, T. Michael
Fry, Rebecca C.
Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title_full Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title_fullStr Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title_full_unstemmed Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title_short Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
title_sort placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7658618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33184498
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01236-1
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