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Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 33 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths globally, as of 1 October 2020. During the lockdown and restrictions placed on public activities and gatherings, green spaces have become one of the only sources of resilience amidst the coronavirus pande...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7660132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33204057 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w |
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author | Geng, Dehui (Christina) Innes, John Wu, Wanli Wang, Guangyu |
author_facet | Geng, Dehui (Christina) Innes, John Wu, Wanli Wang, Guangyu |
author_sort | Geng, Dehui (Christina) |
collection | PubMed |
description | The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 33 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths globally, as of 1 October 2020. During the lockdown and restrictions placed on public activities and gatherings, green spaces have become one of the only sources of resilience amidst the coronavirus pandemic, in part because of their positive effects on psychological, physical and social cohesion and spiritual wellness. This study analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 and government response policies to the pandemic on park visitation at global, regional and national levels and assesses the importance of parks during this global pandemic. The data we collected primarily from Google’s Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker. The results for most countries included in the analysis show that park visitation has increased since February 16th, 2020 compared to visitor numbers prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Restrictions on social gathering, movement, and the closure of workplace and indoor recreational places, are correlated with more visits to parks. Stay-at-home restrictions and government stringency index are negatively associated with park visits at a global scale. Demand from residents for parks and outdoor green spaces has increased since the outbreak began, and highlights the important role and benefits provided by parks, especially urban and community parks, under the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide recommendations for park managers and other decision-makers in terms of park management and planning during health crises, as well as for park design and development. In particular, parks could be utilized during pandemics to increase the physical and mental health and social well-being of individuals. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7660132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76601322020-11-13 Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis Geng, Dehui (Christina) Innes, John Wu, Wanli Wang, Guangyu J For Res (Harbin) Original Paper The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 33 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths globally, as of 1 October 2020. During the lockdown and restrictions placed on public activities and gatherings, green spaces have become one of the only sources of resilience amidst the coronavirus pandemic, in part because of their positive effects on psychological, physical and social cohesion and spiritual wellness. This study analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 and government response policies to the pandemic on park visitation at global, regional and national levels and assesses the importance of parks during this global pandemic. The data we collected primarily from Google’s Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker. The results for most countries included in the analysis show that park visitation has increased since February 16th, 2020 compared to visitor numbers prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Restrictions on social gathering, movement, and the closure of workplace and indoor recreational places, are correlated with more visits to parks. Stay-at-home restrictions and government stringency index are negatively associated with park visits at a global scale. Demand from residents for parks and outdoor green spaces has increased since the outbreak began, and highlights the important role and benefits provided by parks, especially urban and community parks, under the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide recommendations for park managers and other decision-makers in terms of park management and planning during health crises, as well as for park design and development. In particular, parks could be utilized during pandemics to increase the physical and mental health and social well-being of individuals. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2020-11-12 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC7660132/ /pubmed/33204057 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Paper Geng, Dehui (Christina) Innes, John Wu, Wanli Wang, Guangyu Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title | Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title_full | Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title_fullStr | Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title_short | Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
title_sort | impacts of covid-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis |
topic | Original Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7660132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33204057 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w |
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