Twist–Bend Nematic Phase from the Landau–de Gennes Perspective

[Image: see text] Generalized Landau–de Gennes theory is proposed that comprehensively explains currently available experimental data for the heliconical twist–bend nematic (N(TB)) phase observed in liquid crystalline systems of chemically achiral bent-core-like molecules. A bifurcation analysis gives insight into possible structures that the model can predict and guides in the numerical analysis of relative stability of the isotropic (I), uniaxial nematic (N(U)), and twist–bend nematic phases. An estimate of constitutive parameters of the model from temperature variation of the nematic order parameter and the Frank elastic constants in the nematic phase enables us to demonstrate quantitative agreement between the calculated and experimentally determined temperature dependence of the pitch and conical angle in N(TB). Properties of order parameters also explain a puzzling lack of a half-pitch band in resonant soft X-ray scattering. Other key findings of the model are predictions of I–N(TB) and N(U)–N(TB) tricritical points and insight into biaxiality of N(TB).