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Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) refers to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), whose consequence may be a pulmonary embolism (PE). Thrombosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and is the third most common cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke. DVT is associated with...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7663413/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33121005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217975 |
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author | Lichota, Anna Szewczyk, Eligia M. Gwozdzinski, Krzysztof |
author_facet | Lichota, Anna Szewczyk, Eligia M. Gwozdzinski, Krzysztof |
author_sort | Lichota, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Venous thromboembolism (VTE) refers to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), whose consequence may be a pulmonary embolism (PE). Thrombosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and is the third most common cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke. DVT is associated with the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein in the body. Thrombosis promotes slowed blood flow, hypoxia, cell activation, and the associated release of many active substances involved in blood clot formation. All thrombi which adhere to endothelium consist of fibrin, platelets, and trapped red and white blood cells. In this review, we summarise the impact of various factors affecting haemostatic disorders leading to blood clot formation. The paper discusses the causes of thrombosis, the mechanism of blood clot formation, and factors such as hypoxia, the involvement of endothelial cells (ECs), and the activation of platelets and neutrophils along with the effects of bacteria and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanisms related to the action of anticoagulants affecting coagulation factors including antiplatelet drugs have also been discussed. However, many aspects related to the pathogenesis of thrombosis still need to be clarified. A review of the drugs used to treat and prevent thrombosis and natural anticoagulants that occur in the plant world and are traditionally used in Far Eastern medicine has also been carried out. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7663413 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76634132020-11-14 Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds Lichota, Anna Szewczyk, Eligia M. Gwozdzinski, Krzysztof Int J Mol Sci Review Venous thromboembolism (VTE) refers to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), whose consequence may be a pulmonary embolism (PE). Thrombosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and is the third most common cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke. DVT is associated with the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein in the body. Thrombosis promotes slowed blood flow, hypoxia, cell activation, and the associated release of many active substances involved in blood clot formation. All thrombi which adhere to endothelium consist of fibrin, platelets, and trapped red and white blood cells. In this review, we summarise the impact of various factors affecting haemostatic disorders leading to blood clot formation. The paper discusses the causes of thrombosis, the mechanism of blood clot formation, and factors such as hypoxia, the involvement of endothelial cells (ECs), and the activation of platelets and neutrophils along with the effects of bacteria and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanisms related to the action of anticoagulants affecting coagulation factors including antiplatelet drugs have also been discussed. However, many aspects related to the pathogenesis of thrombosis still need to be clarified. A review of the drugs used to treat and prevent thrombosis and natural anticoagulants that occur in the plant world and are traditionally used in Far Eastern medicine has also been carried out. MDPI 2020-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7663413/ /pubmed/33121005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217975 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Lichota, Anna Szewczyk, Eligia M. Gwozdzinski, Krzysztof Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title | Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title_full | Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title_fullStr | Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title_full_unstemmed | Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title_short | Factors Affecting the Formation and Treatment of Thrombosis by Natural and Synthetic Compounds |
title_sort | factors affecting the formation and treatment of thrombosis by natural and synthetic compounds |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7663413/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33121005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217975 |
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