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Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review

Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major subtype. Viral hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders are multiple risk factors for liver cirrhosis and HCC development. Although great therapeutic a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Oura, Kyoko, Morishita, Asahiro, Masaki, Tsutomu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7664704/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33171811
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218362
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author Oura, Kyoko
Morishita, Asahiro
Masaki, Tsutomu
author_facet Oura, Kyoko
Morishita, Asahiro
Masaki, Tsutomu
author_sort Oura, Kyoko
collection PubMed
description Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major subtype. Viral hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders are multiple risk factors for liver cirrhosis and HCC development. Although great therapeutic advances have been made in recent decades, the prognosis for HCC patients remains poor due to late diagnosis, chemotherapy failure, and frequent recurrence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs that regulate various molecular biological phenomena by suppressing the translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs, which often become dysregulated in malignancy, control cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and development in HCC by promoting or suppressing tumors. Exploring the detailed mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated HCC development and progression can likely improve the outcomes of patients with HCC. This review summarizes the molecular and functional roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC. Further, it elucidates the utility of miRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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spelling pubmed-76647042020-11-14 Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review Oura, Kyoko Morishita, Asahiro Masaki, Tsutomu Int J Mol Sci Review Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major subtype. Viral hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders are multiple risk factors for liver cirrhosis and HCC development. Although great therapeutic advances have been made in recent decades, the prognosis for HCC patients remains poor due to late diagnosis, chemotherapy failure, and frequent recurrence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs that regulate various molecular biological phenomena by suppressing the translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs, which often become dysregulated in malignancy, control cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and development in HCC by promoting or suppressing tumors. Exploring the detailed mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated HCC development and progression can likely improve the outcomes of patients with HCC. This review summarizes the molecular and functional roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC. Further, it elucidates the utility of miRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. MDPI 2020-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7664704/ /pubmed/33171811 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218362 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Oura, Kyoko
Morishita, Asahiro
Masaki, Tsutomu
Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title_full Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title_fullStr Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title_full_unstemmed Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title_short Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Review
title_sort molecular and functional roles of micrornas in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma—a review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7664704/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33171811
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218362
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