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Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects

The concept of successional trajectories describes how small differences in initial community composition can magnify through time and lead to significant differences in mature communities. For many animals, the types and sources of early-life exposures to microbes have been shown to have significan...

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Autores principales: Ramírez, Gustavo A., Richardson, Ella, Clark, Jory, Keshri, Jitendra, Drechsler, Yvonne, Berrang, Mark E., Meinersmann, Richard J., Cox, Nelson A., Oakley, Brian B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7665843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33186366
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242108
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author Ramírez, Gustavo A.
Richardson, Ella
Clark, Jory
Keshri, Jitendra
Drechsler, Yvonne
Berrang, Mark E.
Meinersmann, Richard J.
Cox, Nelson A.
Oakley, Brian B.
author_facet Ramírez, Gustavo A.
Richardson, Ella
Clark, Jory
Keshri, Jitendra
Drechsler, Yvonne
Berrang, Mark E.
Meinersmann, Richard J.
Cox, Nelson A.
Oakley, Brian B.
author_sort Ramírez, Gustavo A.
collection PubMed
description The concept of successional trajectories describes how small differences in initial community composition can magnify through time and lead to significant differences in mature communities. For many animals, the types and sources of early-life exposures to microbes have been shown to have significant and long-lasting effects on the community structure and/or function of the microbiome. In modern commercial poultry production, chicks are reared as a single age cohort and do not directly encounter adult birds. This scenario is likely to initiate a trajectory of microbial community development that is significantly different than non-industrial settings where chicks are exposed to a much broader range of environmental and fecal inocula; however, the comparative effects of these two scenarios on microbiome development and function remain largely unknown. In this work, we performed serial transfers of cecal material through multiple generations of birds to first determine if serial transfers exploiting the ceca in vivo, rather than the external environment or artificial incubations, can produce a stable microbial community. Subsequently, we compared microbiome development between chicks receiving this passaged, i.e. host-selected, cecal material orally, versus an environmental inoculum, to test the hypothesis that the first exposure of newly hatched chicks to microbes determines early GI microbiome structure and may have longer-lasting effects on bird health and development. Cecal microbiome dynamics and bird weights were tracked for a two-week period, with half of the birds in each treatment group exposed to a pathogen challenge at 7 days of age. We report that: i) a relatively stable community was derived after a single passage of transplanted cecal material, ii) this cecal inoculum significantly but ephemerally altered community structure relative to the environmental inoculum and PBS controls, and iii) either microbiome transplant administered at day-of-hatch appeared to have some protective effects against pathogen challenge relative to uninoculated controls. Differentially abundant taxa identified across treatment types may inform future studies aimed at identifying strains associated with beneficial phenotypes.
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spelling pubmed-76658432020-11-18 Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects Ramírez, Gustavo A. Richardson, Ella Clark, Jory Keshri, Jitendra Drechsler, Yvonne Berrang, Mark E. Meinersmann, Richard J. Cox, Nelson A. Oakley, Brian B. PLoS One Research Article The concept of successional trajectories describes how small differences in initial community composition can magnify through time and lead to significant differences in mature communities. For many animals, the types and sources of early-life exposures to microbes have been shown to have significant and long-lasting effects on the community structure and/or function of the microbiome. In modern commercial poultry production, chicks are reared as a single age cohort and do not directly encounter adult birds. This scenario is likely to initiate a trajectory of microbial community development that is significantly different than non-industrial settings where chicks are exposed to a much broader range of environmental and fecal inocula; however, the comparative effects of these two scenarios on microbiome development and function remain largely unknown. In this work, we performed serial transfers of cecal material through multiple generations of birds to first determine if serial transfers exploiting the ceca in vivo, rather than the external environment or artificial incubations, can produce a stable microbial community. Subsequently, we compared microbiome development between chicks receiving this passaged, i.e. host-selected, cecal material orally, versus an environmental inoculum, to test the hypothesis that the first exposure of newly hatched chicks to microbes determines early GI microbiome structure and may have longer-lasting effects on bird health and development. Cecal microbiome dynamics and bird weights were tracked for a two-week period, with half of the birds in each treatment group exposed to a pathogen challenge at 7 days of age. We report that: i) a relatively stable community was derived after a single passage of transplanted cecal material, ii) this cecal inoculum significantly but ephemerally altered community structure relative to the environmental inoculum and PBS controls, and iii) either microbiome transplant administered at day-of-hatch appeared to have some protective effects against pathogen challenge relative to uninoculated controls. Differentially abundant taxa identified across treatment types may inform future studies aimed at identifying strains associated with beneficial phenotypes. Public Library of Science 2020-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7665843/ /pubmed/33186366 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242108 Text en © 2020 Ramírez et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ramírez, Gustavo A.
Richardson, Ella
Clark, Jory
Keshri, Jitendra
Drechsler, Yvonne
Berrang, Mark E.
Meinersmann, Richard J.
Cox, Nelson A.
Oakley, Brian B.
Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title_full Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title_fullStr Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title_full_unstemmed Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title_short Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
title_sort broiler chickens and early life programming: microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7665843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33186366
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242108
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