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Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months
BACKGROUND: Detecting developmental delay in children is an ongoing world commitment, especially for those below three years. To accurately assess the development of children; a culturally appropriate screening tool must be used. Egypt lacks such tool and multiple studies have shown that western too...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240634 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10301 |
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author | El Shafie, Ali M. Omar, Zein A.L. Bashir, Mai M. Mahmoud, Sorour F. Basma, Elsayedamr M. Hussein, Ahmed E. Mostafa, Alaa Mosad Bahbah, Wael A. |
author_facet | El Shafie, Ali M. Omar, Zein A.L. Bashir, Mai M. Mahmoud, Sorour F. Basma, Elsayedamr M. Hussein, Ahmed E. Mostafa, Alaa Mosad Bahbah, Wael A. |
author_sort | El Shafie, Ali M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Detecting developmental delay in children is an ongoing world commitment, especially for those below three years. To accurately assess the development of children; a culturally appropriate screening tool must be used. Egypt lacks such tool and multiple studies have shown that western tools are not suitable in other cultures. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an easy, rapid, culturally appropriate and applicable screening chart for early detection of developmental delay among Egyptian children from birth up to 30 months and develop a Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up based on our Egyptian screening chart. METHODS: A cross sectional randomized study was carried out on 1503 Egyptian children of both genders aged from birth up to 30 months assumed to have normal development according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were selected from vaccination centers and well-baby clinics. Developmental milestones from Baroda development screening test (BDST) were applied on them after items were translated and adapted to Egyptian culture. Egyptian children developmental milestones scores were analyzed and carefully prepared in tables and charts. A 97% pass level of developmental achievements represents the threshold below which children are considered delayed. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. The developed Egyptian developmental screening chart (EDSC) was validated against Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3) as a reference standard in another different sample of 337 children in different age groups. RESULTS: The developed EDSC is represented in a chart format with two curves 50% and 97% pass level. Children considered delayed when the score below 97% pass level. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between EDSC and BDST at 50% and 97% pass levels. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. EDSC sensitivity and specificity were calculated 84.38 (95% CI [67.21%–94.72%]) and 98.36 (95% CI [96.22%–99.47%]) respectively with an overall test accuracy 97.03 (95% CI [94.61%–98.57%]) (p ≤ .001). Agreement between EDSC and ASQ-3 was high (kappa score was 0.827) with negative and positive agreement 98.36 and 84.38, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive revision of the BDST was needed in order to create and validate a more culturally appropriate Egyptian screening chart. This is the first study to create and validate an Egyptian-specific screening tool, to be rapid and easy to use in Egypt for early detection of developmental delay and enabling early intervention practices. A Z-score curve is reliable for follow up motor and mental development by calculating each age group achievement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7666562 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76665622020-11-24 Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months El Shafie, Ali M. Omar, Zein A.L. Bashir, Mai M. Mahmoud, Sorour F. Basma, Elsayedamr M. Hussein, Ahmed E. Mostafa, Alaa Mosad Bahbah, Wael A. PeerJ Nutrition BACKGROUND: Detecting developmental delay in children is an ongoing world commitment, especially for those below three years. To accurately assess the development of children; a culturally appropriate screening tool must be used. Egypt lacks such tool and multiple studies have shown that western tools are not suitable in other cultures. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an easy, rapid, culturally appropriate and applicable screening chart for early detection of developmental delay among Egyptian children from birth up to 30 months and develop a Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up based on our Egyptian screening chart. METHODS: A cross sectional randomized study was carried out on 1503 Egyptian children of both genders aged from birth up to 30 months assumed to have normal development according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were selected from vaccination centers and well-baby clinics. Developmental milestones from Baroda development screening test (BDST) were applied on them after items were translated and adapted to Egyptian culture. Egyptian children developmental milestones scores were analyzed and carefully prepared in tables and charts. A 97% pass level of developmental achievements represents the threshold below which children are considered delayed. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. The developed Egyptian developmental screening chart (EDSC) was validated against Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3) as a reference standard in another different sample of 337 children in different age groups. RESULTS: The developed EDSC is represented in a chart format with two curves 50% and 97% pass level. Children considered delayed when the score below 97% pass level. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between EDSC and BDST at 50% and 97% pass levels. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. EDSC sensitivity and specificity were calculated 84.38 (95% CI [67.21%–94.72%]) and 98.36 (95% CI [96.22%–99.47%]) respectively with an overall test accuracy 97.03 (95% CI [94.61%–98.57%]) (p ≤ .001). Agreement between EDSC and ASQ-3 was high (kappa score was 0.827) with negative and positive agreement 98.36 and 84.38, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive revision of the BDST was needed in order to create and validate a more culturally appropriate Egyptian screening chart. This is the first study to create and validate an Egyptian-specific screening tool, to be rapid and easy to use in Egypt for early detection of developmental delay and enabling early intervention practices. A Z-score curve is reliable for follow up motor and mental development by calculating each age group achievement. PeerJ Inc. 2020-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7666562/ /pubmed/33240634 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10301 Text en ©2020 El Shafie et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition El Shafie, Ali M. Omar, Zein A.L. Bashir, Mai M. Mahmoud, Sorour F. Basma, Elsayedamr M. Hussein, Ahmed E. Mostafa, Alaa Mosad Bahbah, Wael A. Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title | Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title_full | Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title_fullStr | Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title_full_unstemmed | Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title_short | Development and validation of Egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
title_sort | development and validation of egyptian developmental screening chart for children from birth up to 30 months |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240634 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10301 |
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