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The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome

Sunbirds feed on tobacco tree nectar which contains toxic nicotine and anabasine secondary metabolites. Our aim was to understand the effect of nicotine and anabasine on the gut microbiota composition of sunbirds. Sixteen captive sunbirds were randomly assigned to two diets: artificial nectar either...

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Autores principales: Gunasekaran, Mohanraj, Lalzar, Maya, Sharaby, Yehonatan, Izhaki, Ido, Halpern, Malka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33188208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-00161-9
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author Gunasekaran, Mohanraj
Lalzar, Maya
Sharaby, Yehonatan
Izhaki, Ido
Halpern, Malka
author_facet Gunasekaran, Mohanraj
Lalzar, Maya
Sharaby, Yehonatan
Izhaki, Ido
Halpern, Malka
author_sort Gunasekaran, Mohanraj
collection PubMed
description Sunbirds feed on tobacco tree nectar which contains toxic nicotine and anabasine secondary metabolites. Our aim was to understand the effect of nicotine and anabasine on the gut microbiota composition of sunbirds. Sixteen captive sunbirds were randomly assigned to two diets: artificial nectar either with (treatment) or without (control) added nicotine and anabasine. Excreta were collected at 0, 2, 4 and 7 weeks of treatment and samples were processed for bacterial culture and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The gut microbiome diversity of the treated and control birds changed differently along the seven-week experiment. While the diversity decreased in the control group along the first three samplings (0, 2 and 4 weeks), it increased in the treatment group. The microbiota composition analyses demonstrated that a diet with nicotine and anabasine, significantly changed the birds’ gut microbiota composition compared to the control birds. The abundance of nicotine- and anabasine- degrading bacteria in the excreta of the treated birds, was significantly higher after four and seven weeks compared to the control group. Furthermore, analysis of culturable isolates, including Lactococcus, showed that sunbirds’ gut-associated bacteria were capable of degrading nicotine and anabasine, consistent with their hypothesised role as detoxifying and nutritional symbionts.
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spelling pubmed-76665802020-11-17 The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome Gunasekaran, Mohanraj Lalzar, Maya Sharaby, Yehonatan Izhaki, Ido Halpern, Malka NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes Article Sunbirds feed on tobacco tree nectar which contains toxic nicotine and anabasine secondary metabolites. Our aim was to understand the effect of nicotine and anabasine on the gut microbiota composition of sunbirds. Sixteen captive sunbirds were randomly assigned to two diets: artificial nectar either with (treatment) or without (control) added nicotine and anabasine. Excreta were collected at 0, 2, 4 and 7 weeks of treatment and samples were processed for bacterial culture and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The gut microbiome diversity of the treated and control birds changed differently along the seven-week experiment. While the diversity decreased in the control group along the first three samplings (0, 2 and 4 weeks), it increased in the treatment group. The microbiota composition analyses demonstrated that a diet with nicotine and anabasine, significantly changed the birds’ gut microbiota composition compared to the control birds. The abundance of nicotine- and anabasine- degrading bacteria in the excreta of the treated birds, was significantly higher after four and seven weeks compared to the control group. Furthermore, analysis of culturable isolates, including Lactococcus, showed that sunbirds’ gut-associated bacteria were capable of degrading nicotine and anabasine, consistent with their hypothesised role as detoxifying and nutritional symbionts. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7666580/ /pubmed/33188208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-00161-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Gunasekaran, Mohanraj
Lalzar, Maya
Sharaby, Yehonatan
Izhaki, Ido
Halpern, Malka
The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title_full The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title_fullStr The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title_full_unstemmed The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title_short The effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
title_sort effect of toxic pyridine-alkaloid secondary metabolites on the sunbird gut microbiome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33188208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-00161-9
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