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Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks
BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common complex birth defect, yet, our understanding of the genetic contribution to their development remains incomplete. Two environmental factors associated with NTDs are Folate and One Carbon Metabolism (FOCM) and Glucose Homeostasis and O...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7667334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32960507 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mgg3.1495 |
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author | Hillman, Paul Baker, Craig Hebert, Luke Brown, Michael Hixson, James Ashley‐Koch, Allison Morrison, Alanna C. Northrup, Hope Au, Kit Sing |
author_facet | Hillman, Paul Baker, Craig Hebert, Luke Brown, Michael Hixson, James Ashley‐Koch, Allison Morrison, Alanna C. Northrup, Hope Au, Kit Sing |
author_sort | Hillman, Paul |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common complex birth defect, yet, our understanding of the genetic contribution to their development remains incomplete. Two environmental factors associated with NTDs are Folate and One Carbon Metabolism (FOCM) and Glucose Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress (GHOS). Utilizing next‐generation sequencing of a large patient cohort, we identify novel candidate genes in these two networks to provide insights into NTD mechanisms. METHODS: Exome sequencing (ES) was performed in 511 patients, born with myelomeningocele, divided between European American and Mexican American ethnicities. Healthy control data from the Genome Aggregation database were ethnically matched and used as controls. Rare, high fidelity, nonsynonymous predicted damaging missense, nonsense, or canonical splice site variants in independently generated candidate gene lists for FOCM and GHOS were identified. We used a gene‐based collapsing approach to quantify mutational burden in case and controls, with the control cohort estimated using cumulative allele frequencies assuming Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. RESULTS: We identified 45 of 837 genes in the FOCM network and 22 of 568 genes in the GHOS network as possible NTD risk genes with p < 0.05. No nominally significant risk genes were shared between ethnicities. Using a novel approach to mutational burden we identify 55 novel NTD risk associations. CONCLUSIONS: We provide a means of utilizing large publicly available sequencing datasets as controls for sequencing projects examining rare disease. This approach confirmed existing risk genes for myelomeningocele and identified possible novel risk genes. Lastly, it suggests possible distinct genetic etiologies for this malformation between different ethnicities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7667334 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76673342020-11-20 Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks Hillman, Paul Baker, Craig Hebert, Luke Brown, Michael Hixson, James Ashley‐Koch, Allison Morrison, Alanna C. Northrup, Hope Au, Kit Sing Mol Genet Genomic Med Original Articles BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common complex birth defect, yet, our understanding of the genetic contribution to their development remains incomplete. Two environmental factors associated with NTDs are Folate and One Carbon Metabolism (FOCM) and Glucose Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress (GHOS). Utilizing next‐generation sequencing of a large patient cohort, we identify novel candidate genes in these two networks to provide insights into NTD mechanisms. METHODS: Exome sequencing (ES) was performed in 511 patients, born with myelomeningocele, divided between European American and Mexican American ethnicities. Healthy control data from the Genome Aggregation database were ethnically matched and used as controls. Rare, high fidelity, nonsynonymous predicted damaging missense, nonsense, or canonical splice site variants in independently generated candidate gene lists for FOCM and GHOS were identified. We used a gene‐based collapsing approach to quantify mutational burden in case and controls, with the control cohort estimated using cumulative allele frequencies assuming Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. RESULTS: We identified 45 of 837 genes in the FOCM network and 22 of 568 genes in the GHOS network as possible NTD risk genes with p < 0.05. No nominally significant risk genes were shared between ethnicities. Using a novel approach to mutational burden we identify 55 novel NTD risk associations. CONCLUSIONS: We provide a means of utilizing large publicly available sequencing datasets as controls for sequencing projects examining rare disease. This approach confirmed existing risk genes for myelomeningocele and identified possible novel risk genes. Lastly, it suggests possible distinct genetic etiologies for this malformation between different ethnicities. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7667334/ /pubmed/32960507 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mgg3.1495 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Hillman, Paul Baker, Craig Hebert, Luke Brown, Michael Hixson, James Ashley‐Koch, Allison Morrison, Alanna C. Northrup, Hope Au, Kit Sing Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title | Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title_full | Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title_fullStr | Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title_short | Identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
title_sort | identification of novel candidate risk genes for myelomeningocele within the glucose homeostasis/oxidative stress and folate/one‐carbon metabolism networks |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7667334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32960507 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mgg3.1495 |
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