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How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives
Biologists are drawn to the most extraordinary adaptations in the natural world, often referred to as evolutionary novelties, yet rarely do we understand the microevolutionary context underlying the origins of novel traits, behaviors, or ecological niches. Here we discuss insights gained into the or...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7671130/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33791533 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obz018 |
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author | Martin, C H McGirr, J A Richards, E J St. John, M E |
author_facet | Martin, C H McGirr, J A Richards, E J St. John, M E |
author_sort | Martin, C H |
collection | PubMed |
description | Biologists are drawn to the most extraordinary adaptations in the natural world, often referred to as evolutionary novelties, yet rarely do we understand the microevolutionary context underlying the origins of novel traits, behaviors, or ecological niches. Here we discuss insights gained into the origins of novelty from a research program spanning biological levels of organization from genotype to fitness in Caribbean pupfishes. We focus on a case study of the origins of novel trophic specialists on San Salvador Island, Bahamas and place this radiation in the context of other rapid radiations. We highlight questions that can be addressed about the origins of novelty at different biological levels, such as measuring the isolation of novel phenotypes on the fitness landscape, locating the spatial and temporal origins of adaptive variation contributing to novelty, detecting dysfunctional gene regulation due to adaptive divergence, and connecting behaviors with novel traits. Evolutionary novelties are rare, almost by definition, and we conclude that integrative case studies can provide insights into this rarity relative to the dynamics of adaptation to more common ecological niches and repeated parallel speciation, such as the relative isolation of novel phenotypes on fitness landscapes and the transient availability of ecological, genetic, and behavioral opportunities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7671130 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76711302021-03-30 How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives Martin, C H McGirr, J A Richards, E J St. John, M E Integr Org Biol Research Article Biologists are drawn to the most extraordinary adaptations in the natural world, often referred to as evolutionary novelties, yet rarely do we understand the microevolutionary context underlying the origins of novel traits, behaviors, or ecological niches. Here we discuss insights gained into the origins of novelty from a research program spanning biological levels of organization from genotype to fitness in Caribbean pupfishes. We focus on a case study of the origins of novel trophic specialists on San Salvador Island, Bahamas and place this radiation in the context of other rapid radiations. We highlight questions that can be addressed about the origins of novelty at different biological levels, such as measuring the isolation of novel phenotypes on the fitness landscape, locating the spatial and temporal origins of adaptive variation contributing to novelty, detecting dysfunctional gene regulation due to adaptive divergence, and connecting behaviors with novel traits. Evolutionary novelties are rare, almost by definition, and we conclude that integrative case studies can provide insights into this rarity relative to the dynamics of adaptation to more common ecological niches and repeated parallel speciation, such as the relative isolation of novel phenotypes on fitness landscapes and the transient availability of ecological, genetic, and behavioral opportunities. Oxford University Press 2019-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7671130/ /pubmed/33791533 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obz018 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Martin, C H McGirr, J A Richards, E J St. John, M E How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title | How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title_full | How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title_fullStr | How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed | How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title_short | How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives |
title_sort | how to investigate the origins of novelty: insights gained from genetic, behavioral, and fitness perspectives |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7671130/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33791533 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obz018 |
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