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Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance
Despite decades of research, glioblastoma (GBM) remains invariably fatal among all forms of cancers. The high level of inter‐ and intratumoral heterogeneity along with its biological location, the brain, are major barriers against effective treatment. Molecular and single cell analysis identifies di...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7675056/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202002015 |
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author | Azam, Zulfikar TO, Shing‐Shun Tony Tannous, Bakhos A. |
author_facet | Azam, Zulfikar TO, Shing‐Shun Tony Tannous, Bakhos A. |
author_sort | Azam, Zulfikar |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite decades of research, glioblastoma (GBM) remains invariably fatal among all forms of cancers. The high level of inter‐ and intratumoral heterogeneity along with its biological location, the brain, are major barriers against effective treatment. Molecular and single cell analysis identifies different molecular subtypes with varying prognosis, while multiple subtypes can reside in the same tumor. Cellular plasticity among different subtypes in response to therapies or during recurrence adds another hurdle in the treatment of GBM. This phenotypic shift is induced and sustained by activation of several pathways within the tumor itself, or microenvironmental factors. In this review, the dynamic nature of cellular shifts in GBM and how the tumor (immune) microenvironment shapes this process leading to therapeutic resistance, while highlighting emerging tools and approaches to study this dynamic double‐edged sword are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7675056 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76750562020-11-24 Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance Azam, Zulfikar TO, Shing‐Shun Tony Tannous, Bakhos A. Adv Sci (Weinh) Reviews Despite decades of research, glioblastoma (GBM) remains invariably fatal among all forms of cancers. The high level of inter‐ and intratumoral heterogeneity along with its biological location, the brain, are major barriers against effective treatment. Molecular and single cell analysis identifies different molecular subtypes with varying prognosis, while multiple subtypes can reside in the same tumor. Cellular plasticity among different subtypes in response to therapies or during recurrence adds another hurdle in the treatment of GBM. This phenotypic shift is induced and sustained by activation of several pathways within the tumor itself, or microenvironmental factors. In this review, the dynamic nature of cellular shifts in GBM and how the tumor (immune) microenvironment shapes this process leading to therapeutic resistance, while highlighting emerging tools and approaches to study this dynamic double‐edged sword are discussed. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7675056/ /pubmed/33240762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202002015 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Reviews Azam, Zulfikar TO, Shing‐Shun Tony Tannous, Bakhos A. Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title | Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title_full | Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title_fullStr | Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title_full_unstemmed | Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title_short | Mesenchymal Transformation: The Rosetta Stone of Glioblastoma Pathogenesis and Therapy Resistance |
title_sort | mesenchymal transformation: the rosetta stone of glioblastoma pathogenesis and therapy resistance |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7675056/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202002015 |
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