CASR rs1801725 polymorphism is associated with the risk and prognosis of colorectal cancer: A case‐control study

BACKGROUND: The extracellular calcium‐sensing receptor (CASR) controls body calcium homeostasis. Increased levels of calcium are associated with protecting against colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to determine the relationship between CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism and CRC risk and prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a hospital‐based case‐control study and a meta‐analysis to evaluate the association of CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism with CRC susceptibility. RESULTS: This study proved that CASR rs1801725 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk to develop CRC (TT vs GG: OR 1.92, 95% CI [1.03‐3.59], P = .042; T vs G: OR 1.30, 95% CI [1.03‐1.64], P = .030). Subgroup analysis showed that this polymorphism increased the risk of CRC among smokers, and those aged ≥60 years (TT vs GG: OR 3.37, 95% CI [1.12‐10.14], P = .034). We also found that this polymorphism was associated with the tumor size, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis of CRC (GT vs GG: OR 2.03, 95% CI [1.32‐3.10], P = .001). In addition, CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism correlated with the survival of CRC patients. Further meta‐analysis also obtained a significant association between this SNP and CRC risk (TT + GT vs GG: OR 1.28, 95% CI [1.01, 1.63], P = .041). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity observed a link between rs1801725 polymorphism and CRC risk in Asians, but not in Caucasians and mixed populations. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this case‐control study and meta‐analysis showed that CASR rs1801725 polymorphism increased the risk of CRC. Further studies from other races are urgently needed.