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Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat

Seed removal behaviors of rodents are largely influenced by microhabitat. Although the karst ecosystem is composed of a broad variety of microhabitats, we have no information on how they affect such behaviors. We investigated rodents’ seed removal behaviors in four karst microhabitats (stone cavern,...

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Autores principales: Wang, Guohai, Pan, Yang, Qin, Guole, Tan, Weining, Lu, Changhu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7676351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240673
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10378
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author Wang, Guohai
Pan, Yang
Qin, Guole
Tan, Weining
Lu, Changhu
author_facet Wang, Guohai
Pan, Yang
Qin, Guole
Tan, Weining
Lu, Changhu
author_sort Wang, Guohai
collection PubMed
description Seed removal behaviors of rodents are largely influenced by microhabitat. Although the karst ecosystem is composed of a broad variety of microhabitats, we have no information on how they affect such behaviors. We investigated rodents’ seed removal behaviors in four karst microhabitats (stone cavern, stone groove, stone surface, and soil surface) using three types of Kmeria septentrionalis seeds: fresh, black (intact seeds with black aril that dehydrates and darkens), and exposed (clean seeds without the aril). We show that Rattus norvegicus, Leopoldamys edwardsi and Rattus flavipectus were the predominant seed predators. Even though all seed types experienced a high removal rate in all four microhabitats, but rodents preferentially removed seeds from the three stone microhabitats (stone caves: 69.71 ± 2.74%; stone surface: 60.53 ± 2.90%; stone groove: 56.94 ± 2.91%) compared to the soil surface (53.90 ± 2.92%). Seeds that had been altered by being exposed to the environment were more attractive to rodents than fresh seeds (76.25 ± 2.20% versus 36.18 ± 2.29%). The seed removal behavior of rodents was significantly affected by the microhabitat and seed type. Finally, seeds that had fallen on the soil surface microhabitat incurred a lower predation risk than seeds fallen on other microhabitats, which increased their probability to germinate. Our results indicate that the lower predation rate of seeds from the endangered K. septentrionalis dropped on the soil surface increases trees’ likelihood of survival.
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spelling pubmed-76763512020-11-24 Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat Wang, Guohai Pan, Yang Qin, Guole Tan, Weining Lu, Changhu PeerJ Animal Behavior Seed removal behaviors of rodents are largely influenced by microhabitat. Although the karst ecosystem is composed of a broad variety of microhabitats, we have no information on how they affect such behaviors. We investigated rodents’ seed removal behaviors in four karst microhabitats (stone cavern, stone groove, stone surface, and soil surface) using three types of Kmeria septentrionalis seeds: fresh, black (intact seeds with black aril that dehydrates and darkens), and exposed (clean seeds without the aril). We show that Rattus norvegicus, Leopoldamys edwardsi and Rattus flavipectus were the predominant seed predators. Even though all seed types experienced a high removal rate in all four microhabitats, but rodents preferentially removed seeds from the three stone microhabitats (stone caves: 69.71 ± 2.74%; stone surface: 60.53 ± 2.90%; stone groove: 56.94 ± 2.91%) compared to the soil surface (53.90 ± 2.92%). Seeds that had been altered by being exposed to the environment were more attractive to rodents than fresh seeds (76.25 ± 2.20% versus 36.18 ± 2.29%). The seed removal behavior of rodents was significantly affected by the microhabitat and seed type. Finally, seeds that had fallen on the soil surface microhabitat incurred a lower predation risk than seeds fallen on other microhabitats, which increased their probability to germinate. Our results indicate that the lower predation rate of seeds from the endangered K. septentrionalis dropped on the soil surface increases trees’ likelihood of survival. PeerJ Inc. 2020-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7676351/ /pubmed/33240673 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10378 Text en ©2020 Wang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Animal Behavior
Wang, Guohai
Pan, Yang
Qin, Guole
Tan, Weining
Lu, Changhu
Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title_full Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title_fullStr Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title_full_unstemmed Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title_short Effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered Kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
title_sort effects of microhabitat on rodent-mediated seed removal of endangered kmeria septentrionalis in the karst habitat
topic Animal Behavior
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7676351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240673
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10378
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