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Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct interce...

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Autores principales: Bazzoni, Riccardo, Takam Kamga, Paul, Tanasi, Ilaria, Krampera, Mauro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7677193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240892
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079
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author Bazzoni, Riccardo
Takam Kamga, Paul
Tanasi, Ilaria
Krampera, Mauro
author_facet Bazzoni, Riccardo
Takam Kamga, Paul
Tanasi, Ilaria
Krampera, Mauro
author_sort Bazzoni, Riccardo
collection PubMed
description Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct intercellular communication mediates MSC properties; in fact, a pivotal role is also played by the release of soluble and bioactive factors, such as cytokines, growth factor and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-coated vesicles containing a large variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, such as RNA. EVs release their contents into target cells, thus influencing cell fate through the control of intracellular processes. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can mediate modulatory effects toward different effector cells belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will discuss the literature data concerning MSC-derived EVs, including the current standardized methods for their isolation and characterization, the mechanisms supporting their immunoregulatory properties, and their potential clinical application as alternative to MSC-based therapy for inflammatory reactions, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).
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spelling pubmed-76771932020-11-24 Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells Bazzoni, Riccardo Takam Kamga, Paul Tanasi, Ilaria Krampera, Mauro Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct intercellular communication mediates MSC properties; in fact, a pivotal role is also played by the release of soluble and bioactive factors, such as cytokines, growth factor and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-coated vesicles containing a large variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, such as RNA. EVs release their contents into target cells, thus influencing cell fate through the control of intracellular processes. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can mediate modulatory effects toward different effector cells belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will discuss the literature data concerning MSC-derived EVs, including the current standardized methods for their isolation and characterization, the mechanisms supporting their immunoregulatory properties, and their potential clinical application as alternative to MSC-based therapy for inflammatory reactions, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7677193/ /pubmed/33240892 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079 Text en Copyright © 2020 Bazzoni, Takam Kamga, Tanasi and Krampera. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Bazzoni, Riccardo
Takam Kamga, Paul
Tanasi, Ilaria
Krampera, Mauro
Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title_full Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title_fullStr Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title_short Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
title_sort extracellular vesicle-dependent communication between mesenchymal stromal cells and immune effector cells
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7677193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240892
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079
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