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Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct interce...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7677193/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240892 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079 |
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author | Bazzoni, Riccardo Takam Kamga, Paul Tanasi, Ilaria Krampera, Mauro |
author_facet | Bazzoni, Riccardo Takam Kamga, Paul Tanasi, Ilaria Krampera, Mauro |
author_sort | Bazzoni, Riccardo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct intercellular communication mediates MSC properties; in fact, a pivotal role is also played by the release of soluble and bioactive factors, such as cytokines, growth factor and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-coated vesicles containing a large variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, such as RNA. EVs release their contents into target cells, thus influencing cell fate through the control of intracellular processes. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can mediate modulatory effects toward different effector cells belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will discuss the literature data concerning MSC-derived EVs, including the current standardized methods for their isolation and characterization, the mechanisms supporting their immunoregulatory properties, and their potential clinical application as alternative to MSC-based therapy for inflammatory reactions, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7677193 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76771932020-11-24 Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells Bazzoni, Riccardo Takam Kamga, Paul Tanasi, Ilaria Krampera, Mauro Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in the stromal tissues of the body and capable of promoting tissue repair and attenuating inflammatory processes through their immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical and clinical observations revealed that not only direct intercellular communication mediates MSC properties; in fact, a pivotal role is also played by the release of soluble and bioactive factors, such as cytokines, growth factor and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-coated vesicles containing a large variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, such as RNA. EVs release their contents into target cells, thus influencing cell fate through the control of intracellular processes. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can mediate modulatory effects toward different effector cells belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will discuss the literature data concerning MSC-derived EVs, including the current standardized methods for their isolation and characterization, the mechanisms supporting their immunoregulatory properties, and their potential clinical application as alternative to MSC-based therapy for inflammatory reactions, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7677193/ /pubmed/33240892 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079 Text en Copyright © 2020 Bazzoni, Takam Kamga, Tanasi and Krampera. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cell and Developmental Biology Bazzoni, Riccardo Takam Kamga, Paul Tanasi, Ilaria Krampera, Mauro Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title | Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title_full | Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title_short | Extracellular Vesicle-Dependent Communication Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Immune Effector Cells |
title_sort | extracellular vesicle-dependent communication between mesenchymal stromal cells and immune effector cells |
topic | Cell and Developmental Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7677193/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240892 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.596079 |
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