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Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study

Various incurable eye diseases in companion animals often result in phthisis bulbi and eye removal surgery. Currently, the evisceration method using silicone balls is useful in animals; however, it is not available to those with impaired cornea or severe ocular atrophy. Moreover, ocular implant and...

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Autores principales: Park, So-Young, An, Jeong-Hee, Kwon, Hyun, Choi, Seo-Young, Lim, Ka-Young, Kwak, Ho-Hyun, Hussein, Kamal Hany, Woo, Heung-Myong, Park, Kyung-Mee
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33216792
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242274
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author Park, So-Young
An, Jeong-Hee
Kwon, Hyun
Choi, Seo-Young
Lim, Ka-Young
Kwak, Ho-Hyun
Hussein, Kamal Hany
Woo, Heung-Myong
Park, Kyung-Mee
author_facet Park, So-Young
An, Jeong-Hee
Kwon, Hyun
Choi, Seo-Young
Lim, Ka-Young
Kwak, Ho-Hyun
Hussein, Kamal Hany
Woo, Heung-Myong
Park, Kyung-Mee
author_sort Park, So-Young
collection PubMed
description Various incurable eye diseases in companion animals often result in phthisis bulbi and eye removal surgery. Currently, the evisceration method using silicone balls is useful in animals; however, it is not available to those with impaired cornea or severe ocular atrophy. Moreover, ocular implant and prostheses are not widely used because of the diversity in animal size and eye shape, and high manufacturing cost. Here, we produced low-cost and customized artificial eyes, including implant and prosthesis, using computer-aided design and three-dimensional (3D) printing technique. For 3D modeling, the size of the artificial eyes was optimized using B-mode ultrasonography. The design was exported to STL files, and then printed using polycaprolactone (PCL) for prosthesis and mixture of PCL and hydroxyapatite (HA) for ocular implant. The 3D printed artificial eyes could be produced in less than one and half hour. The prosthesis was painted using oil colors and biocompatible resin. Two types of eye removal surgery, including evisceration and enucleation, were performed using two beagle dogs, as a preliminary study. After the surgery, the dogs were clinically evaluated for 6 months and then histopathological evaluation of the implant was done. Ocular implant was biocompatible and host tissue ingrowth was induced after in vivo application. The custom-made prosthesis was cosmetically excellent. Although long-term clinical follow-up might be required, the use of 3D printed-customized artificial eyes may be beneficial for animals that need personalized artificial eye surgery.
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spelling pubmed-76789762020-12-02 Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study Park, So-Young An, Jeong-Hee Kwon, Hyun Choi, Seo-Young Lim, Ka-Young Kwak, Ho-Hyun Hussein, Kamal Hany Woo, Heung-Myong Park, Kyung-Mee PLoS One Research Article Various incurable eye diseases in companion animals often result in phthisis bulbi and eye removal surgery. Currently, the evisceration method using silicone balls is useful in animals; however, it is not available to those with impaired cornea or severe ocular atrophy. Moreover, ocular implant and prostheses are not widely used because of the diversity in animal size and eye shape, and high manufacturing cost. Here, we produced low-cost and customized artificial eyes, including implant and prosthesis, using computer-aided design and three-dimensional (3D) printing technique. For 3D modeling, the size of the artificial eyes was optimized using B-mode ultrasonography. The design was exported to STL files, and then printed using polycaprolactone (PCL) for prosthesis and mixture of PCL and hydroxyapatite (HA) for ocular implant. The 3D printed artificial eyes could be produced in less than one and half hour. The prosthesis was painted using oil colors and biocompatible resin. Two types of eye removal surgery, including evisceration and enucleation, were performed using two beagle dogs, as a preliminary study. After the surgery, the dogs were clinically evaluated for 6 months and then histopathological evaluation of the implant was done. Ocular implant was biocompatible and host tissue ingrowth was induced after in vivo application. The custom-made prosthesis was cosmetically excellent. Although long-term clinical follow-up might be required, the use of 3D printed-customized artificial eyes may be beneficial for animals that need personalized artificial eye surgery. Public Library of Science 2020-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7678976/ /pubmed/33216792 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242274 Text en © 2020 Park et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Park, So-Young
An, Jeong-Hee
Kwon, Hyun
Choi, Seo-Young
Lim, Ka-Young
Kwak, Ho-Hyun
Hussein, Kamal Hany
Woo, Heung-Myong
Park, Kyung-Mee
Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title_full Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title_fullStr Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title_full_unstemmed Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title_short Custom-made artificial eyes using 3D printing for dogs: A preliminary study
title_sort custom-made artificial eyes using 3d printing for dogs: a preliminary study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33216792
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242274
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