Síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico en niños asociado a COVID-19. Revisión narrativa de la literatura a propósito de un caso

In March 2020, the World Health Organisation declared a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Since then, many articles have shown it to have a mild to moderate course in most of infected children. However, few patients may develop a hyper-inflammatory syndrome with shock and multisystemic compromise, all clinical features similar to Kawasaki Disease — and Toxic Shock Syndrome. This clinical pattern has been designated by the Centre of Disease Control (CDC) as a multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). It has been seen in previously healthy children, or those with comorbidities of active or recent coronavirus disease, or close contact with a COVID-19 infected patient. A case is reported of MIS-C, with signs of distributive shock and multisystemic organ failure. Clinical features and treatment are described. Severe neurological compromise and central nervous system bleeding are the clinical manifestations to highlight in this patient, which are poorly described in paediatric cases as a potentially fatal complication. A narrative review was carried out on the literature available. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of MIS-C published in Colombia.