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Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat
Stem solidness is an important agronomic trait of durum (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat that provides resistance to the wheat stem sawfly. This dominant trait is conferred by the SSt1 locus on chromosome 3B. However, the molecular identity and mechanisms unde...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7682410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33127757 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009418117 |
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author | Nilsen, Kirby T. Walkowiak, Sean Xiang, Daoquan Gao, Peng Quilichini, Teagen D. Willick, Ian R. Byrns, Brook N’Diaye, Amidou Ens, Jennifer Wiebe, Krystalee Ruan, Yuefeng Cuthbert, Richard D. Craze, Melanie Wallington, Emma J. Simmonds, James Uauy, Cristobal Datla, Raju Pozniak, Curtis J. |
author_facet | Nilsen, Kirby T. Walkowiak, Sean Xiang, Daoquan Gao, Peng Quilichini, Teagen D. Willick, Ian R. Byrns, Brook N’Diaye, Amidou Ens, Jennifer Wiebe, Krystalee Ruan, Yuefeng Cuthbert, Richard D. Craze, Melanie Wallington, Emma J. Simmonds, James Uauy, Cristobal Datla, Raju Pozniak, Curtis J. |
author_sort | Nilsen, Kirby T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Stem solidness is an important agronomic trait of durum (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat that provides resistance to the wheat stem sawfly. This dominant trait is conferred by the SSt1 locus on chromosome 3B. However, the molecular identity and mechanisms underpinning stem solidness have not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that copy number variation of TdDof, a gene encoding a putative DNA binding with one finger protein, controls the stem solidness trait in wheat. Using map-based cloning, we localized TdDof to within a physical interval of 2.1 Mb inside the SSt1 locus. Molecular analysis revealed that hollow-stemmed wheat cultivars such as Kronos carry a single copy of TdDof, whereas solid-stemmed cultivars such as CDC Fortitude carry multiple identical copies of the gene. Deletion of all TdDof copies from CDC Fortitude resulted in the loss of stem solidness, whereas the transgenic overexpression of TdDof restored stem solidness in the TdDof deletion mutant pithless1 and conferred stem solidness in Kronos. In solid-stemmed cultivars, increased TdDof expression was correlated with the down-regulation of genes whose orthologs have been implicated in programmed cell death (PCD) in other species. Anatomical and histochemical analyses revealed that hollow-stemmed lines had stronger PCD-associated signals in the pith cells compared to solid-stemmed lines, which suggests copy number-dependent expression of TdDof could be directly or indirectly involved in the negative regulation of PCD. These findings provide opportunities to manipulate stem development in wheat and other monocots for agricultural or industrial purposes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7682410 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76824102020-12-01 Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat Nilsen, Kirby T. Walkowiak, Sean Xiang, Daoquan Gao, Peng Quilichini, Teagen D. Willick, Ian R. Byrns, Brook N’Diaye, Amidou Ens, Jennifer Wiebe, Krystalee Ruan, Yuefeng Cuthbert, Richard D. Craze, Melanie Wallington, Emma J. Simmonds, James Uauy, Cristobal Datla, Raju Pozniak, Curtis J. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Stem solidness is an important agronomic trait of durum (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat that provides resistance to the wheat stem sawfly. This dominant trait is conferred by the SSt1 locus on chromosome 3B. However, the molecular identity and mechanisms underpinning stem solidness have not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that copy number variation of TdDof, a gene encoding a putative DNA binding with one finger protein, controls the stem solidness trait in wheat. Using map-based cloning, we localized TdDof to within a physical interval of 2.1 Mb inside the SSt1 locus. Molecular analysis revealed that hollow-stemmed wheat cultivars such as Kronos carry a single copy of TdDof, whereas solid-stemmed cultivars such as CDC Fortitude carry multiple identical copies of the gene. Deletion of all TdDof copies from CDC Fortitude resulted in the loss of stem solidness, whereas the transgenic overexpression of TdDof restored stem solidness in the TdDof deletion mutant pithless1 and conferred stem solidness in Kronos. In solid-stemmed cultivars, increased TdDof expression was correlated with the down-regulation of genes whose orthologs have been implicated in programmed cell death (PCD) in other species. Anatomical and histochemical analyses revealed that hollow-stemmed lines had stronger PCD-associated signals in the pith cells compared to solid-stemmed lines, which suggests copy number-dependent expression of TdDof could be directly or indirectly involved in the negative regulation of PCD. These findings provide opportunities to manipulate stem development in wheat and other monocots for agricultural or industrial purposes. National Academy of Sciences 2020-11-17 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7682410/ /pubmed/33127757 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009418117 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Nilsen, Kirby T. Walkowiak, Sean Xiang, Daoquan Gao, Peng Quilichini, Teagen D. Willick, Ian R. Byrns, Brook N’Diaye, Amidou Ens, Jennifer Wiebe, Krystalee Ruan, Yuefeng Cuthbert, Richard D. Craze, Melanie Wallington, Emma J. Simmonds, James Uauy, Cristobal Datla, Raju Pozniak, Curtis J. Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title | Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title_full | Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title_fullStr | Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title_full_unstemmed | Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title_short | Copy number variation of TdDof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
title_sort | copy number variation of tddof controls solid-stemmed architecture in wheat |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7682410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33127757 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009418117 |
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