The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Applicants During the 2021 Residency Match Cycle in the United States

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rising fourth-year medical students' plans to apply to residency in orthopaedic surgery. METHODS: We conducted a survey of rising fourth-year medical students. Primary outcome was the change in students' plans to apply to residency in orthopaedic surgery as measured by Likert scale response. Secondary outcomes were students' concerns about applying to residency during the pandemic. RESULTS: A total of 462 students were planning to apply to residency in orthopaedic surgery. Women said that they were “less likely” to apply to orthopaedic surgery because of the pandemic (14.9% versus 5.5% of men, P < 0.001). Students identifying as Black/African American said that they were “less likely” to apply (16.9% compared with 8.8 of non-Hispanic White, P < 0.001). Students said that they had “somewhat fewer” or “many fewer” opportunities to get adequate exposure to orthopaedic surgery to make a specialty choice (88.9% of students). DISCUSSION: We support the development of robust student advising and mentorship networks to address the uncertainty inherent in applying to residency during a global pandemic and curtail the racial and sex disparities discovered in this survey.