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Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs

Background: Antagonistic tasks are cognitive-motor task trainings. Intervention programs involving antagonistic exercise tasks are being employed to help prevent falls and reduce the need for nursing care in older populations. Meanwhile, the effects of such tasks on blood flow in the brain remain ob...

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Autores principales: Sagari, Akira, Kanao, Hiroyo, Mutai, Hitoshi, Iwanami, Jun, Sato, Masaaki, Kobayashi, Masayoshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7683383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.568030
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author Sagari, Akira
Kanao, Hiroyo
Mutai, Hitoshi
Iwanami, Jun
Sato, Masaaki
Kobayashi, Masayoshi
author_facet Sagari, Akira
Kanao, Hiroyo
Mutai, Hitoshi
Iwanami, Jun
Sato, Masaaki
Kobayashi, Masayoshi
author_sort Sagari, Akira
collection PubMed
description Background: Antagonistic tasks are cognitive-motor task trainings. Intervention programs involving antagonistic exercise tasks are being employed to help prevent falls and reduce the need for nursing care in older populations. Meanwhile, the effects of such tasks on blood flow in the brain remain obscure. This study aimed to clarify the effects of antagonistic tasks on prefrontal cortical cerebral hemodynamics. Materials and Methods: We assessed 13 healthy adults (two men, 11 women; mean age, 21.4 ± 1.0 years). Participants imitated each of the antagonistic tasks presented on a PC monitor placed at a 120-mm viewing distance. All participants performed six tasks, consisting of upper-limb tasks (non-antagonism, simple antagonism, and complex antagonism) and upper- and lower-limb tasks (tasks combining lower-limb opening and closing movements with each upper-limb task). We used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure cerebral blood flow dynamics, with oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) concentration changes as the main outcome. A 10-channel probe was placed on the participants’ forehead, focusing on the prefrontal cortex. We first obtained a baseline NIRS measurement for 10 s; the participants then imitated the task presented on the PC monitor for 90 s. We measured the number of errors and the subjective difficulty of each task. Results: The increase in prefrontal cortex Oxy-Hb concentration was significantly higher in the complex antagonist conditions than in the non-antagonistic and simple antagonistic conditions. There were no significant prefrontal cortex Oxy-Hb differences between the upper limb and upper- and lower-limb conditions (increasing number of motor limbs). Conclusions: The study findings support that an increase in finger-shaped complexity has a greater effect on cerebral blood flow dynamics in the prefrontal cortex than does an increase in the number of motor limbs involved in the task.
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spelling pubmed-76833832020-11-24 Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs Sagari, Akira Kanao, Hiroyo Mutai, Hitoshi Iwanami, Jun Sato, Masaaki Kobayashi, Masayoshi Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Background: Antagonistic tasks are cognitive-motor task trainings. Intervention programs involving antagonistic exercise tasks are being employed to help prevent falls and reduce the need for nursing care in older populations. Meanwhile, the effects of such tasks on blood flow in the brain remain obscure. This study aimed to clarify the effects of antagonistic tasks on prefrontal cortical cerebral hemodynamics. Materials and Methods: We assessed 13 healthy adults (two men, 11 women; mean age, 21.4 ± 1.0 years). Participants imitated each of the antagonistic tasks presented on a PC monitor placed at a 120-mm viewing distance. All participants performed six tasks, consisting of upper-limb tasks (non-antagonism, simple antagonism, and complex antagonism) and upper- and lower-limb tasks (tasks combining lower-limb opening and closing movements with each upper-limb task). We used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure cerebral blood flow dynamics, with oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) concentration changes as the main outcome. A 10-channel probe was placed on the participants’ forehead, focusing on the prefrontal cortex. We first obtained a baseline NIRS measurement for 10 s; the participants then imitated the task presented on the PC monitor for 90 s. We measured the number of errors and the subjective difficulty of each task. Results: The increase in prefrontal cortex Oxy-Hb concentration was significantly higher in the complex antagonist conditions than in the non-antagonistic and simple antagonistic conditions. There were no significant prefrontal cortex Oxy-Hb differences between the upper limb and upper- and lower-limb conditions (increasing number of motor limbs). Conclusions: The study findings support that an increase in finger-shaped complexity has a greater effect on cerebral blood flow dynamics in the prefrontal cortex than does an increase in the number of motor limbs involved in the task. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7683383/ /pubmed/33240062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.568030 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sagari, Kanao, Mutai, Iwanami, Sato and Kobayashi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Sagari, Akira
Kanao, Hiroyo
Mutai, Hitoshi
Iwanami, Jun
Sato, Masaaki
Kobayashi, Masayoshi
Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title_full Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title_fullStr Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title_full_unstemmed Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title_short Cerebral Hemodynamics During a Cognitive-Motor Task Using the Limbs
title_sort cerebral hemodynamics during a cognitive-motor task using the limbs
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7683383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.568030
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