Relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease and peri-implant diseases

BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to explore the serum biochemical parameters also known as risk markers for cardiovascular system, in individuals who have received dental implant treatment, and to reveal risk factors for peri-implant diseases. METHODS: The study included 58 subjects with peri-implantitis, 49 subjects with peri-implant mucositis, and 49 healthy subjects. All the subjects were assessed in terms of both peri-implant clinical parameters—probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), the type of prosthesis, gingival index (GI), keratinized mucosa width (KMW), and plaque index (PI)—and serum biochemical parameters (e.g., LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol, vitamin D, uric acid, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, hemoglobin (Hb), and platelet counts). RESULTS: KMW was the lowest in the peri-implantitis group. Compared with the other groups, the peri-implantitis group showed significantly higher levels of triglyceride, uric acid, and WBC. The peri-implantitis group had the lowest level of vitamin D. Triglyceride and uric acid levels had positive correlations with peri-implant clinical parameters. CONCLUSION: High levels of triglyceride and uric acid may pose a risk for both peri-implant diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Prior to dental implant surgery, patients’ serum biochemical parameters should be checked.