A Review of Interstitial Pneumonitis Caused by Elotuzumab Through Case Discussions and Academic Writings

Patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma have undergone two or three previous therapies are now being treated with a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody elotuzumab (HuLuc63) that targets F7 signalling lymphocytic activation molecule F7 (SLAMF7)- a signalling lymphocytic activation molecule. It is combined with dexamethasone and lenalidomide/pomalidomide for therapy. Adverse effects associated with elotuzumab consists of peripheral neuropathy, fever, constitutional symptoms (fatigue, headache, decreased appetite), and infections. A rare side effect of interstitial lung disease has only been observed in a single case. There are two case studies presented below of hypoxic respiratory failure upon this monoclonal antibody treatment both were successfully treated with steroid therapy. This article brings forth the hypothesis that elotuzumab can cause pneumonitis, and discontinuation of elotuzumab along with high-dose corticosteroids helps reverse the pneumonitis.