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Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry

Injuries and illnesses can alter the normal bilateral symmetry of the brain, and determining the extent of this disruption may be useful in characterizing the pathology. One way of quantifying brain symmetry is in terms of bilateral correlation of diffusion tensor metrics between homologous white ma...

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Autores principales: Maruta, Jun, Mallott, Jacob M., Sulioti, Gary, Ghajar, Jamshid, Palacios, Eva M., Mukherjee, Pratik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7688463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33262738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.548220
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author Maruta, Jun
Mallott, Jacob M.
Sulioti, Gary
Ghajar, Jamshid
Palacios, Eva M.
Mukherjee, Pratik
author_facet Maruta, Jun
Mallott, Jacob M.
Sulioti, Gary
Ghajar, Jamshid
Palacios, Eva M.
Mukherjee, Pratik
author_sort Maruta, Jun
collection PubMed
description Injuries and illnesses can alter the normal bilateral symmetry of the brain, and determining the extent of this disruption may be useful in characterizing the pathology. One way of quantifying brain symmetry is in terms of bilateral correlation of diffusion tensor metrics between homologous white matter tracts. With this approach, we hypothesized that the brains of patients with a concussion are more asymmetrical than those of healthy individuals without a history of a concussion. We scanned the brains of 35 normal individuals and 15 emergency department patients with a recent concussion. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were determined for regions of interest (ROI) defined by a standard white-matter atlas that included 21 bilateral ROIs. For each ROI pair, bilateral correlation coefficients were calculated and compared between the two subject groups. A symmetry index, defined as the ratio between the difference and the sum of bilateral measures, was also calculated for each ROI pair and compared between the groups. We found that in normal subjects, the extent of symmetry varied among regions and individuals, and at least subtle forms of structural lateralization were common across regions. In patients, higher asymmetry was found overall as well as in the corticospinal tract specifically. Results indicate that a concussion can manifest in brain asymmetry that deviates from a normal state. The clinical utility of characterizing post-concussion pathology as abnormal brain asymmetry merits further exploration.
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spelling pubmed-76884632020-11-30 Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry Maruta, Jun Mallott, Jacob M. Sulioti, Gary Ghajar, Jamshid Palacios, Eva M. Mukherjee, Pratik Front Neurol Neurology Injuries and illnesses can alter the normal bilateral symmetry of the brain, and determining the extent of this disruption may be useful in characterizing the pathology. One way of quantifying brain symmetry is in terms of bilateral correlation of diffusion tensor metrics between homologous white matter tracts. With this approach, we hypothesized that the brains of patients with a concussion are more asymmetrical than those of healthy individuals without a history of a concussion. We scanned the brains of 35 normal individuals and 15 emergency department patients with a recent concussion. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were determined for regions of interest (ROI) defined by a standard white-matter atlas that included 21 bilateral ROIs. For each ROI pair, bilateral correlation coefficients were calculated and compared between the two subject groups. A symmetry index, defined as the ratio between the difference and the sum of bilateral measures, was also calculated for each ROI pair and compared between the groups. We found that in normal subjects, the extent of symmetry varied among regions and individuals, and at least subtle forms of structural lateralization were common across regions. In patients, higher asymmetry was found overall as well as in the corticospinal tract specifically. Results indicate that a concussion can manifest in brain asymmetry that deviates from a normal state. The clinical utility of characterizing post-concussion pathology as abnormal brain asymmetry merits further exploration. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7688463/ /pubmed/33262738 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.548220 Text en Copyright © 2020 Maruta, Mallott, Sulioti, Ghajar, Palacios and Mukherjee. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neurology
Maruta, Jun
Mallott, Jacob M.
Sulioti, Gary
Ghajar, Jamshid
Palacios, Eva M.
Mukherjee, Pratik
Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title_full Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title_fullStr Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title_full_unstemmed Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title_short Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry
title_sort concussion disrupts normal brain white matter microstructural symmetry
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7688463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33262738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.548220
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