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The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling
Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with the unique ability to induce cell intrinsic programs that enhance resistance to viral infection. Induction of an antiviral state at the cell, tissue, organ, and organismal level is performed by three distinct IFN families, designated as Type-I, Type-...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7689341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33281831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.606489 |
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author | Walter, Mark R. |
author_facet | Walter, Mark R. |
author_sort | Walter, Mark R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with the unique ability to induce cell intrinsic programs that enhance resistance to viral infection. Induction of an antiviral state at the cell, tissue, organ, and organismal level is performed by three distinct IFN families, designated as Type-I, Type-II, and Type-III IFNs. Overall, there are 21 human IFNs, (16 type-I, 12 IFNαs, IFNβ, IFNϵ, IFNκ, and IFNω; 1 type-II, IFNγ; and 4 type-III, IFNλ1, IFNλ2, IFNλ3, and IFNλ4), that induce pleotropic cellular activities essential for innate and adaptive immune responses against virus and other pathogens. IFN signaling is initiated by binding to distinct heterodimeric receptor complexes. The three-dimensional structures of the type-I (IFNα/IFNAR1/IFNAR2), type-II (IFNγ/IFNGR1/IFNGR2), and type-III (IFNλ3/IFNλR1/IL10R2) signaling complexes have been determined. Here, we highlight similar and unique features of the IFNs, their cell surface complexes and discuss their role in inducing downstream IFN signaling responses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7689341 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76893412020-12-04 The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling Walter, Mark R. Front Immunol Immunology Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with the unique ability to induce cell intrinsic programs that enhance resistance to viral infection. Induction of an antiviral state at the cell, tissue, organ, and organismal level is performed by three distinct IFN families, designated as Type-I, Type-II, and Type-III IFNs. Overall, there are 21 human IFNs, (16 type-I, 12 IFNαs, IFNβ, IFNϵ, IFNκ, and IFNω; 1 type-II, IFNγ; and 4 type-III, IFNλ1, IFNλ2, IFNλ3, and IFNλ4), that induce pleotropic cellular activities essential for innate and adaptive immune responses against virus and other pathogens. IFN signaling is initiated by binding to distinct heterodimeric receptor complexes. The three-dimensional structures of the type-I (IFNα/IFNAR1/IFNAR2), type-II (IFNγ/IFNGR1/IFNGR2), and type-III (IFNλ3/IFNλR1/IL10R2) signaling complexes have been determined. Here, we highlight similar and unique features of the IFNs, their cell surface complexes and discuss their role in inducing downstream IFN signaling responses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7689341/ /pubmed/33281831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.606489 Text en Copyright © 2020 Walter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Walter, Mark R. The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title | The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title_full | The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title_fullStr | The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title_short | The Role of Structure in the Biology of Interferon Signaling |
title_sort | role of structure in the biology of interferon signaling |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7689341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33281831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.606489 |
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