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Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice
Crocus sativus, a medicinally important herbaceous plant, has been traditionally used to cure coughs, colds, insomnia, cramps, asthma, and pain. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of saffron include its immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The current experimental analysis was performed t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7690613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33105854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111414 |
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author | Khan, Asif Muhamad, Nur Airina Ismail, Hammad Nasir, Abdul Khalil, Atif Ali Khan Anwar, Yasir Khan, Zahid Ali, Amjad Taha, Rosna Mat Al-Shara, Baker Latif, Sara Mirza, Bushra Fadladdin, Yousef Abdal Jalil Zeid, Isam Mohamed Abu Al-Thobaiti, Saed Ayidh |
author_facet | Khan, Asif Muhamad, Nur Airina Ismail, Hammad Nasir, Abdul Khalil, Atif Ali Khan Anwar, Yasir Khan, Zahid Ali, Amjad Taha, Rosna Mat Al-Shara, Baker Latif, Sara Mirza, Bushra Fadladdin, Yousef Abdal Jalil Zeid, Isam Mohamed Abu Al-Thobaiti, Saed Ayidh |
author_sort | Khan, Asif |
collection | PubMed |
description | Crocus sativus, a medicinally important herbaceous plant, has been traditionally used to cure coughs, colds, insomnia, cramps, asthma, and pain. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of saffron include its immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The current experimental analysis was performed to explore the potential nutraceutical efficacy of corm, leaf, petal, and stigma of saffron ethanolic extracts as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant using hot plate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, capillary tube and forced swim test, respectively in mice. The results indicated that among all the extracts, stigma ethanolic extract (SEE) represented maximum latency activity (72.85%) and edema inhibition (77.33%) followed by petal ethanolic extract (PEE) with latency activity and edema inhibition of 64.06 and 70.50%, respectively. Corm ethanolic extract (CEE) and leaf ethanolic extract (LEE) displayed mild analgesic activity of 22.40% and 29.07%, respectively. Additionally, LEE (53.29%) and CEE (47.47%) exhibited mild to moderate response against inflammation. The coagulation time of SEE (101.66 s) was almost equivalent to the standard drug, aspirin (101.66 s), suggesting a strong anticoagulant effect followed by PEE (86.5 s). LEE (66.83 s) represented moderate inhibitory effect on coagulation activity while CEE (42.83 s) showed neutral effect. Additionally, PEE and SEE also expressed itself as potential antidepressants with immobility time ≤76.66 s, while CEE (96.50 s) and LEE (106.83 s) indicated moderate to mild antidepressant efficacy. Based on the in vivo activities, saffron extract, particularly SEE and PEE, can be used as a potential nutraceutical and therapeutic agent due to its significant pharmacological activities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7690613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76906132020-11-27 Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice Khan, Asif Muhamad, Nur Airina Ismail, Hammad Nasir, Abdul Khalil, Atif Ali Khan Anwar, Yasir Khan, Zahid Ali, Amjad Taha, Rosna Mat Al-Shara, Baker Latif, Sara Mirza, Bushra Fadladdin, Yousef Abdal Jalil Zeid, Isam Mohamed Abu Al-Thobaiti, Saed Ayidh Plants (Basel) Article Crocus sativus, a medicinally important herbaceous plant, has been traditionally used to cure coughs, colds, insomnia, cramps, asthma, and pain. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of saffron include its immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The current experimental analysis was performed to explore the potential nutraceutical efficacy of corm, leaf, petal, and stigma of saffron ethanolic extracts as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant using hot plate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, capillary tube and forced swim test, respectively in mice. The results indicated that among all the extracts, stigma ethanolic extract (SEE) represented maximum latency activity (72.85%) and edema inhibition (77.33%) followed by petal ethanolic extract (PEE) with latency activity and edema inhibition of 64.06 and 70.50%, respectively. Corm ethanolic extract (CEE) and leaf ethanolic extract (LEE) displayed mild analgesic activity of 22.40% and 29.07%, respectively. Additionally, LEE (53.29%) and CEE (47.47%) exhibited mild to moderate response against inflammation. The coagulation time of SEE (101.66 s) was almost equivalent to the standard drug, aspirin (101.66 s), suggesting a strong anticoagulant effect followed by PEE (86.5 s). LEE (66.83 s) represented moderate inhibitory effect on coagulation activity while CEE (42.83 s) showed neutral effect. Additionally, PEE and SEE also expressed itself as potential antidepressants with immobility time ≤76.66 s, while CEE (96.50 s) and LEE (106.83 s) indicated moderate to mild antidepressant efficacy. Based on the in vivo activities, saffron extract, particularly SEE and PEE, can be used as a potential nutraceutical and therapeutic agent due to its significant pharmacological activities. MDPI 2020-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7690613/ /pubmed/33105854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111414 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Khan, Asif Muhamad, Nur Airina Ismail, Hammad Nasir, Abdul Khalil, Atif Ali Khan Anwar, Yasir Khan, Zahid Ali, Amjad Taha, Rosna Mat Al-Shara, Baker Latif, Sara Mirza, Bushra Fadladdin, Yousef Abdal Jalil Zeid, Isam Mohamed Abu Al-Thobaiti, Saed Ayidh Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title | Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title_full | Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title_fullStr | Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed | Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title_short | Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice |
title_sort | potential nutraceutical benefits of in vivo grown saffron (crocus sativus l.) as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant in mice |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7690613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33105854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111414 |
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